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Mountaintop removal mining and multiple illness symptoms: A latent class analysis.

Michael Hendryx1, Sarah D Yonts1, Yueyao Li2

  • 1Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, United States of America.

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Living near mountaintop removal mining sites is linked to experiencing symptoms across multiple organ systems. This study found a higher probability of multi-system illness in residents of these mining communities.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Mountaintop removal mining (MTR) is associated with adverse health outcomes in nearby populations.
  • Environmental contaminants from MTR may impact health through various exposure routes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between latent classes of multi-system symptoms and residence in MTR communities.
  • To determine if individuals with multiple symptoms are more likely to live near MTR operations.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from 2756 participants across three Appalachian states.
  • Employed cross-sectional household community surveys assessing 29 symptoms across eight organ systems.
  • Identified latent classes of symptoms and analyzed their association with MTR proximity, controlling for covariates.

Main Results:

  • Three latent symptom classes were identified: low, intermediate, and high multi-symptom probability.
  • Latent classes with intermediate and high symptom probabilities were significantly associated with MTR residence.
  • The highest odds ratio (OR=2.17) was observed for the high multi-symptom group residing near MTR sites.

Conclusions:

  • Residential proximity to mountaintop removal mining is linked to experiencing symptoms across multiple organ systems.
  • Findings suggest MTR contributes to population health issues through various environmental exposures.
  • Further research into specific contaminants and exposure pathways is warranted.