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Related Concept Videos

The Synapse02:47

The Synapse

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Neurons communicate with one another by passing on their electrical signals to other neurons. A synapse is the location where two neurons meet to exchange signals. At the synapse, the neuron that sends the signal is called the presynaptic cell, while the neuron that receives the message is called the postsynaptic cell. Note that most neurons can be both presynaptic and postsynaptic, as they both transmit and receive information.
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Electrical Synapses01:28

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Electrical synapses found in all nervous systems play important and unique roles. In these synapses, the presynaptic and postsynaptic membranes are very close together (3.5 nm) and are actually physically connected by channel proteins forming gap junctions.
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Related Experiment Video

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Mapping Inhibitory Neuronal Circuits by Laser Scanning Photostimulation
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Distinct molecular programs regulate synapse specificity in cortical inhibitory circuits.

Emilia Favuzzi1,2,3, Rubén Deogracias1,2,3, André Marques-Smith1,2

  • 1Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|January 26, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Specific molecular programs guide how GABAergic interneurons connect in the mouse brain. These cell-specific programs dictate synaptic targeting, shaping inhibitory circuit formation and brain function.

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Related Experiment Videos

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Molecular Biology
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Neuronal connections form functional brain networks crucial for cognitive functions.
  • GABAergic interneurons in the mammalian cerebral cortex display diverse connectivity patterns essential for temporal dynamics and information processing.
  • The molecular mechanisms driving interneuron-specific connectivity remain largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the transcriptional dynamics of different interneuron classes during cortical inhibitory circuit development in mice.
  • To elucidate the molecular basis of interneuron-specific synaptic targeting.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of transcriptional dynamics in distinct interneuron subtypes.
  • Investigation of synaptic molecule expression patterns during early postnatal development.

Main Results:

  • Interneuron synapse formation on pyramidal cells (dendrites, soma, or axon initial segment) is determined by subtype-specific expression of synaptic molecules.
  • Distinct molecular programs are active in different interneuron classes during circuit formation.

Conclusions:

  • Cell-specific molecular programs established during early development underlie the precise connectivity patterns of cortical interneurons.
  • Understanding these programs is key to deciphering inhibitory circuit assembly and function.