Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 30, 2026
07:54
A Method to Assess Bacteriocin Effects on the Gut Microbiota of Mice
Published on: July 25, 2017
14.7K
The gut microbiota heterogeneity and assembly changes associated with the IBD
Yang Sun1, Lianwei Li2, Yao Xia2
1Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Institute of Digestive Disease, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China.
Scientific Reports
|January 26, 2019
Summary
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) slightly lowers gut microbial spatial heterogeneity. Host immunity, not IBD, primarily drives gut microbiota assembly and diversity maintenance.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Immunology
- Ecology
Background:
- Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is linked to abnormal immune responses to gut microbes.
- Previous research focused on IBD's impact on microbial diversity, not spatial heterogeneity or assembly mechanisms.
- Understanding gut microbiota dynamics in IBD is crucial for disease management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate changes in gut microbial spatial heterogeneity in IBD patients compared to healthy individuals.
- To explore the mechanisms of gut microbial community assembly in the context of IBD.
- To determine the relative influence of deterministic factors versus disease severity on gut microbiota.
Main Methods:
- Applied Taylor's power law extensions to assess spatial heterogeneity of gut microbial communities.
- Utilized neutral theory of biodiversity to analyze community assembly and diversity maintenance.
- Compared microbial communities from IBD patients and healthy controls.
Main Results:
- Gut microbial community spatial heterogeneity was found to be slightly lower in IBD patients.
- This reduction may be associated with a decrease in the abundance of dominant microbial species.
- Neutral theory analysis indicated that deterministic factors, particularly host immunity, are dominant in shaping gut microbiota assembly.
Conclusions:
- IBD may lead to a reduction in the spatial heterogeneity of the gut microbiota.
- Deterministic host factors, such as immunity, play a more significant role than IBD itself in microbial community assembly.
- The findings suggest that host-microbe interactions are complex and influenced by host-specific immune responses.
Related Concept Videos
01:29Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD
508
Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory condition primarily affecting the colon and rectum. The primary drugs used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis are aminosalicylates. They exhibit anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. They modulate inflammatory mediators and inhibit the activity of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Aminosalicylates also reduce inflammation by inhibiting prostaglandin and leukotriene production and decreasing neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide...
508
01:21Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Glucocorticoids
485
Glucocorticoids, a class of anti-inflammatory drugs, are pivotal in treating moderate to severe Crohn's disease by inducing remission. They exhibit their anti-inflammatory action by inhibiting the production of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1, and chemokines like IL-8. In addition, they reduce the expression of inflammatory cell adhesion molecules and inhibit gene transcription of nitric oxide synthase, phospholipase A2, cyclooxygenase-2...
485
02:41Protein Complex Assembly
16.7K
Proteins can form homomeric complexes with another unit of the same protein or heteromeric complexes with different types. Most protein complexes self-assemble spontaneously via ordered pathways, while some proteins need assembly factors that guide their proper assembly. Despite the crowded intracellular environment, proteins usually interact with their correct partners and form functional complexes.
Many viruses self-assemble into a fully functional unit using the infected host cell to...
Many viruses self-assemble into a fully functional unit using the infected host cell to...
16.7K
01:29Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents
534
Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disorder marked by chronic inflammation of the GI tract. Various treatment strategies for Crohn's disease are employed, such as immunomodulatory agents, glucocorticoids, and biologics or anti-TNF therapy. Azathioprine (Imuran), a commonly used immunomodulatory drug for Crohn's disease, is converted in the body to mercaptopurine, which inhibits purine biosynthesis and cell proliferation. Both are utilized in severe cases of Inflammatory Bowel...
534
02:50Spindle Assembly
4.3K
Spindle assembly occurs through three, often coexisting, pathways – the centrosome-mediated pathway, the chromatin-mediated pathway, and the microtubule-mediated pathway – collectively contributing to form a robust spindle apparatus.
In most cells, centrosomes are the primary microtubule nucleation centers. In the centrosome-mediated pathway, the G2-prophase transition triggers centrosome maturation and increased microtubule nucleation. Progressive nucleation results in a...
In most cells, centrosomes are the primary microtubule nucleation centers. In the centrosome-mediated pathway, the G2-prophase transition triggers centrosome maturation and increased microtubule nucleation. Progressive nucleation results in a...
4.3K
01:24Oligosaccharide Assembly
3.7K
Protein glycosylation starts in the ER lumen and continues in the Golgi apparatus. Glycosyltransferases catalyze the addition of sugar molecules or glycosylation of proteins. Usually, these enzymes add sugars to the hydroxyl groups of selected serine or threonine residues to form O-linked glycans or the amino groups of asparagine residues to form N-linked glycans. Different positions on the same polypeptide chain can contain differently linked glycans.
Multiple sugar molecules that may or may...
Multiple sugar molecules that may or may...
3.7K