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Martina Dorková1,2, Ladislav Naďo1, Benjamín Jarčuška1

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In bush crickets, larger body size positively correlates with more frequent mating and polygamy. This suggests size is a key trait for mate selection in this nuptial gift-giving species.

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Area of Science:

  • Sexual selection
  • Behavioral ecology
  • Insect reproductive strategies

Background:

  • Divergent reproductive interests between sexes can drive the evolution of sex-specific adaptations and influence mate choice.
  • In many species, including bush crickets, females receive direct benefits (e.g., nutrition) from mating, impacting partner selection.
  • Understanding mate choice mechanisms is crucial for comprehending evolutionary dynamics and reproductive success.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of body size in mate choice and mating frequency in the bush cricket, *Pholidoptera griseoaptera*.
  • To determine if assortative mating based on body size occurs in this species.
  • To explore the relationship between body size, mating frequency, and polygamy.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental design involving established mating groups of four females and males over three weeks.
  • Analysis of mating events using male spermatodose genotypes to assign paternity.
  • Statistical analysis to assess the association between body size, mating frequency, and degree of polygamy, considering interactions between sexes.

Main Results:

  • No consistent assortative mating preference regarding body size was found.
  • Mating frequency was positively associated with the body size of both mated individuals.
  • Larger individuals exhibited a higher degree of polygamy, with a weakening of the size-copulation association when one mate was very large.

Conclusions:

  • Body size is an important sexual trait influencing mate choice in *Pholidoptera griseoaptera*.
  • Both sexes appear to use body size to select optimal mating partners, potentially related to the nutritional benefits provided during mating.
  • The findings highlight the complex interplay of size, mating frequency, and polygamy in shaping reproductive strategies in nuptial gift-giving insects.