Nifuroxazide induces apoptosis, inhibits cell migration and invasion in osteosarcoma

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Pharmacology
• Cell Biology

Background:

• Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone cancer, often metastasizing to the lungs.
• Current clinical treatments for osteosarcoma lack sufficient efficacy.
• There is a critical need for novel therapeutic strategies against osteosarcoma.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the anticancer effects of nifuroxazide on osteosarcoma cell lines.
• To explore the underlying mechanisms of nifuroxazide's action in osteosarcoma.
• To evaluate nifuroxazide's potential as a therapeutic agent for osteosarcoma.

Main Methods:

• In vitro antiproliferative assays were performed on UMR106 and MG63 osteosarcoma cell lines.
• Cell toxicity was assessed using non-tumor HEK 293 T cells.
• Apoptosis, cell migration, and invasion were analyzed following nifuroxazide treatment, examining pathways involving ROS, mitochondria, p-Stat3, MMP-2, and MMP-9.

Main Results:

• Nifuroxazide significantly inhibited osteosarcoma cell proliferation in a dose- and time-dependent manner.
• Nifuroxazide demonstrated low toxicity towards non-tumorigenic HEK 293 T cells.
• Treatment induced ROS-mitochondrial mediated apoptosis and impaired cell migration and invasion via the p-Stat3, MMP-2, and MMP-9 signaling pathway.

Conclusions:

• Nifuroxazide exhibits potent anticancer effects against osteosarcoma cells in vitro.
• The drug effectively inhibits proliferation, induces apoptosis, and reduces migration and invasion.
• Nifuroxazide represents a promising candidate for future osteosarcoma treatment strategies.