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Altered profile of circulating microparticles in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation

Panjaree Siwaponanan1,2, Rassamon Keawvichit2, Suthipol Udompunturak3

  • 1Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.

Clinical Cardiology
|January 26, 2019
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) show increased circulating microparticles (cMPs), indicating elevated platelet activation and endothelial damage. Further research is needed to understand the role of these cMPs in AF pathophysiology.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Hematology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common arrhythmia linked to a prothrombotic state.
  • Circulating microparticles (cMPs) are vesicles released from activated or apoptotic cells.
  • Elevated cMPs are suspected to contribute to the hypercoagulable state in AF patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify total circulating microparticle (cMP) levels in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (AF).
  • To characterize the cellular origins of cMPs in AF patients.
  • To investigate the potential role of cMPs in the prothrombotic state associated with AF.

Main Methods:

  • Polychromatic flow cytometry was employed to analyze cMP levels and cellular origins.
  • The study included 66 patients diagnosed with AF and 33 healthy controls.
  • Levels of total cMPs, platelet-derived MPs (PMPs), and endothelial-derived MPs (EMPs) were measured.

Main Results:

  • AF patients exhibited significantly higher levels of total cMPs compared to healthy controls (P = 0.004).
  • Elevated levels of platelet-derived MPs (PMPs) (P = 0.009) and endothelial-derived MPs (EMPs) (P = 0.001) were observed in AF patients.
  • No significant difference in phosphatidylserine positive MP (PS+MP) levels was found between AF patients and controls.

Conclusions:

  • The study demonstrates a significant increase in total cMPs in AF patients, suggesting heightened endothelial damage and platelet activation.
  • Increased PMP and EMP levels in AF patients point towards their involvement in the condition's pathophysiology.
  • Further investigation is warranted to fully elucidate the role of cMPs, including PMPs and EMPs, in AF complications.
Keywords:
Nonvalvular atrial fibrillationcellular origincirculating microparticles (cMPs)

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