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Ca2+ protect zebrafish embryos from water acidification
Xiaoyong Huang1, Zhaoyang Yan1, Kui Zhu2
1Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, China; National Center for Veterinary Drug Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
|January 26, 2019
Summary
Tetracyclines (TCs) lower water pH, harming zebrafish embryos. Calcium ions (Ca2+) protect embryos from acidic conditions by preventing intracellular calcium buildup, not by forming complexes.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Toxicology
- Developmental Biology
- Aquatic Ecotoxicology
Background:
- Ionizable pharmaceuticals, like tetracyclines (TCs), are released into aquatic environments.
- TCs can alter water chemistry, specifically pH, posing risks to aquatic organisms.
- The impact of TCs on early-life stages of aquatic vertebrates requires investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of tetracycline hydrochloride on zebrafish embryo development.
- To determine the role of water pH and calcium ions (Ca2+) in zebrafish embryo tolerance to TCs.
Main Methods:
- Exposure of zebrafish embryos to tetracycline hydrochloride at various concentrations.
- Measurement of water pH changes induced by tetracycline hydrochloride.
- Assessment of zebrafish embryo survival and development in acidified conditions with and without Ca2+.
- Spectral analysis to investigate potential TCs-Ca2+ complex formation.
- Monitoring of intracellular Ca2+ levels in embryos.
Main Results:
- Tetracycline hydrochloride significantly decreased water pH, creating an acidic environment detrimental to zebrafish embryos.
- Zebrafish embryos exhibited low tolerance to acidified water in the early hours post-fertilization.
- The presence of Ca2+ in the embryo medium enhanced embryo tolerance to acidic conditions.
- Spectral analysis indicated that Ca2+ does not form complexes with TCs under acidic conditions.
- Exogenous Ca2+ addition inhibited the accumulation of Ca2+ in the cytoplasm of embryos.
Conclusions:
- The acidification of water by tetracyclines poses a significant risk to early zebrafish development.
- Calcium ions play a protective role against tetracycline-induced acidity in zebrafish embryos.
- The protective mechanism of Ca2+ involves regulating intracellular calcium levels rather than forming TCs-Ca2+ complexes.
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