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Temporal and Spatial Development of Cercospora Leaf Spot of Faba Bean Influenced by In Situ Inoculum
R B E Kimber1, J G Paull2, E S Scott2
1South Australian Research and Development Institute (SARDI), Plant Health & Biosecurity, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia; and School of Agriculture, Food & Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, SA, Australia.
Plant Disease
|January 27, 2019
Summary
Cercospora leaf spot spread rapidly in faba bean crops from infested soil, with disease incidence decreasing with distance. Removing infested crop residue significantly reduced Cercospora zonata survival and infection.
Area of Science:
- Plant Pathology
- Agronomy
- Crop Science
Background:
- Cercospora leaf spot, caused by Cercospora zonata, is a significant disease affecting faba bean production.
- Understanding the spatial and temporal dynamics of this disease is crucial for developing effective management strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the spread and development of Cercospora leaf spot in faba bean.
- To assess the impact of infested soil and crop residue on disease dynamics.
- To compare disease incidence in susceptible and resistant faba bean lines.
Main Methods:
- Field trials were conducted in South Australia over two years (2005-2006) using susceptible and resistant faba bean lines.
- Plants were grown in soil with a history of faba bean cultivation (positive zone) and adjacent soil without (negative zone).
- Disease incidence, leaf area diseased, and loss of photosynthetic leaf area were quantified over time and at varying distances from the inoculum source.
Main Results:
- Cercospora leaf spot appeared earlier and was more severe in susceptible faba bean lines grown in infested soil compared to those in non-infested soil.
- Disease incidence decreased with increasing distance from the infested soil, with a steep gradient observed within the first 4 meters.
- Resistant lines showed significantly lower disease incidence, but still exhibited a gradient in response to infested soil.
- Removal or rapid depletion of infested faba bean residue significantly reduced Cercospora zonata inoculum levels and disease severity.
- Cercospora zonata survived in soil for at least 30 months in the presence of infected residue.
Conclusions:
- Infested faba bean residue is a critical inoculum source for Cercospora leaf spot, promoting early and severe disease development.
- Crop residue management, including removal or rapid decomposition, is essential for controlling Cercospora leaf spot.
- Resistant faba bean lines offer a valuable tool for disease management, though they are still influenced by inoculum pressure.
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