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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 30, 2026

Fluorescence-based Neuraminidase Inhibition Assay to Assess the Susceptibility of Influenza Viruses to The Neuraminidase Inhibitor Class of Antivirals
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Inhibiting neuraminidase can make the difference.

Rino Rappuoli1,2, Giuseppe Del Giudice3

  • 1GlaxoSmithKline, Siena, Italy rino.r.rappuoli@gsk.com.

The Journal of Experimental Medicine
|January 27, 2019
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Antibodies targeting the influenza hemagglutinin stem are key for universal vaccines. Researchers found these anti-stem antibodies also neutralize influenza by inhibiting neuraminidase, broadening their protective potential.

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Immunology
  • Vaccine Development

Background:

  • Influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) stem-specific antibodies are crucial for developing effective universal influenza vaccines.
  • The precise mechanisms underlying the broadly neutralizing activity of these anti-stem antibodies require further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the contribution of neuraminidase inhibition to the neutralizing activity of anti-hemagglutinin stem antibodies.
  • To understand the multifaceted mechanisms of broadly neutralizing antibodies against influenza virus.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized anti-stem antibodies in neutralization assays.
  • Assessed the impact of these antibodies on viral neuraminidase activity.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that anti-stem antibodies inhibit influenza virus neuraminidase.
  • This inhibition was found to contribute significantly to the broadly neutralizing effect of the antibodies.

Conclusions:

  • Anti-hemagglutinin stem antibodies possess dual-action neutralizing capabilities, targeting both HA and neuraminidase.
  • This finding enhances the potential of stem-based immunogens for developing next-generation universal influenza vaccines.