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The vascular patterns of the posterior part of the circulus arteriosus cerebri (Willisi)

H El Falougy, P Weismann, P Lukacikova

    Bratislavske Lekarske Listy
    |January 29, 2019
    PubMed

    Insights

    This study analyzed the posterior circulation of the Circle of Willis (CW) in 185 adult brains, revealing variations in posterior communicating artery (PCoA) and posterior cerebral artery (P1) diameters. Understanding these anatomical patterns is crucial for predicting cerebrovascular events.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroanatomy
    • Vascular Morphology
    • Cerebrovascular Research

    Background:

    • The posterior circulation of the Circle of Willis (CW) exhibits three defined patterns based on the relative diameters of the posterior communicating artery (PCoA) and the precommunicating segment of the posterior cerebral artery (P1).
    • These patterns are classified as adult (P1 > PCoA), transitional (P1 = PCoA), and fetal (P1 < PCoA).

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the configurations and calibers of the posterior part of the Circle of Willis (CW).
    • To determine the prevalence of different anatomical patterns in the posterior cerebral circulation.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of 185 adult post-mortem human brains.
    • Digital photography of the CW and its branches.
    • Image analysis using ImageJ software to measure vessel diameters.

    Main Results:

    • The fetal pattern was observed unilaterally in 8.37% and bilaterally in 4.86% of specimens.
    • The transitional pattern occurred unilaterally in 6.47% and bilaterally in 1%.
    • The adult pattern showed equal prevalence unilaterally and bilaterally (21.62% each), while hypoplastic PCoA was noted unilaterally in 17.57% and bilaterally in 16.76%.

    Conclusions:

    • Genetic and environmental factors likely influence the development and dimensions of cerebral vessels.
    • In vivo identification of these vascular patterns can aid in anticipating and potentially preventing cerebrovascular disturbances.
    • Interdisciplinary collaboration in morphology, radiology, and hemodynamics is essential for establishing vessel caliber thresholds indicative of hemodynamic failure.
    Abstract

    Keywords:
    circulus arteriosus cerebrihypoplasia fenestration.morphometryvascular patterns

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