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Sleep-disordered breathing and stroke: chicken or egg?

Filip Alexiev1, Anne-Kathrin Brill2, Sebastian R Ott2,3

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Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) increases stroke risk, while stroke can cause or worsen SDB. This review explores their complex, bidirectional relationship.

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Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB)central sleep apnea (CSA)obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)risk factorsstroke

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Cardiology
  • Sleep Medicine

Background:

  • Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), particularly obstructive sleep apnea, is linked to increased stroke risk.
  • Stroke can lead to the new onset or worsening of pre-existing SDB.
  • The relationship between SDB and stroke is complex and bidirectional.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the intricate relationship between sleep-disordered breathing and stroke.
  • To discuss how SDB influences stroke risk and how stroke impacts SDB.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating the SDB-stroke connection.
  • Analysis of the mechanisms linking SDB and cardiovascular risk factors.
  • Examination of stroke-induced changes in SDB patterns.

Main Results:

  • Obstructive sleep apnea is a significant risk factor for stroke.
  • Stroke can precipitate or exacerbate SDB, altering its clinical presentation.
  • The interplay between SDB and stroke involves direct and indirect pathways.

Conclusions:

  • The
  • chicken or egg
  • relationship between SDB and stroke highlights the need for integrated management strategies.
  • Understanding this bidirectional link is crucial for preventing and managing both conditions.