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Genome Sequences of Antigenically Distinct Serotype O Foot-and-Mouth Disease Viruses from Pakistan

Katarzyna Bachanek-Bankowska1, Jemma Wadsworth1, Elisabeth Henry1

  • 1The Pirbright Institute, Surrey, United Kingdom.

Microbiology Resource Announcements
|January 29, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Genome sequencing revealed two of three foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) isolates from Pakistan showed distinct antigenic properties, despite belonging to the same genetic sublineage. This finding impacts FMDV vaccine efficacy and strain selection strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Virology
  • Molecular Epidemiology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) poses a significant threat to livestock globally.
  • Serotype O FMDV is prevalent in many regions, including Pakistan.
  • Genetic sublineages of FMDV can exhibit antigenic variations impacting vaccine effectiveness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the genome sequences of FMDV serotype O isolates from Pakistan.
  • To investigate the antigenic properties of these FMDV isolates in relation to vaccine strains.
  • To understand the genetic and antigenic diversity of circulating FMDV strains.

Main Methods:

  • Whole-genome sequencing of FMDV isolates.
  • Phylogenetic analysis to determine genetic sublineage.
  • Antigenic characterization using standard assays (e.g., virus neutralization tests).

Main Results:

  • Genome sequences of three serotype O FMDV isolates from Pakistan (2016-2017) were determined.
  • All three isolates belonged to the same genetic sublineage.
  • Two of the three isolates exhibited a distinct antigenic phenotype compared to common vaccine strains.

Conclusions:

  • Genetic classification alone may not fully predict the antigenic profile of FMDV serotype O.
  • Antigenic variation in FMDV poses challenges for FMD control programs relying on vaccination.
  • Further antigenic characterization of field isolates is crucial for effective FMD vaccine selection and deployment.

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