Magnetic resonance neurography and ultrasonogram findings in upper limb peripheral neuropathies

Peripheral neuropathy is defined as any disease or damage to the peripheral nerves. Imaging modalities are emerging as a complementary tool of choice for diagnosis of peripheral neuropathies. This has been made possible by the advent of high-resolution ultrasound, higher field strength magnets, better surface array coils, and superior software. In addition, imaging plays a pivotal role in deciding the management. They help in determining the continuity and course of the nerve, thereby helping in the pre-surgical mapping of nerve. Imaging studies also help in prognosticating the recovery by determining the event to be acute or chronic. This article describes the imaging findings of various neuropathies affecting upper limb peripheral nerves, broadly categorized as traumatic and non-traumatic. The non-traumatic group is further divided as entrapment, infective, inflammatory and tumors.