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Floodplain soil and its bacterial composition are strongly affected by depth.
Kristin Steger1, Amy Taeyen Kim2, Lars Ganzert3,4,5
1College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
FEMS Microbiology Ecology
|January 29, 2019
Summary
Soil depth significantly shapes bacterial communities, with a buried carbon-rich layer influencing composition. Bacterial diversity remains high even in deep soils, impacting crucial biogeochemical processes.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Soil Science
- Geochemistry
Background:
- Soil bacterial communities are crucial for ecosystem functions.
- Understanding vertical stratification of soil bacteria is key to comprehending nutrient cycling.
- Previous studies have not fully explored deep soil bacterial diversity and its drivers.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the bacterial abundance and community structure in soil cores.
- To determine the influence of soil depth, soil organic carbon (SOC), and nitrogen (N) on bacterial composition.
- To explore bacterial diversity in deep floodplain soils.
Main Methods:
- High-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene was used to analyze five soil cores.
- Bacterial abundance and community structure were assessed across different soil depths.
- Soil organic carbon (SOC) and nitrogen (N) concentrations were measured at various depths.
Main Results:
- Bacterial community composition showed greater variation with soil depth than horizontally.
- A buried, carbon-rich horizon was identified between 0.8 and 1.3 m depth.
- Nitrospirae was abundant throughout the soil profile, except at the surface.
- Bacterial abundance of Acidobacteria and Gemmatimonadetes positively correlated with SOC and N concentrations.
- High bacterial diversity was observed in soils below 2.0 m.
Conclusions:
- Soil depth is a primary factor structuring bacterial communities.
- The type of carbon, not just its concentration, may drive similarities in buried horizons.
- Deep soil bacterial communities are diverse and play a role in major biogeochemical processes.
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