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Related Concept Videos

Structures of Solids02:22

Structures of Solids

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Solids in which the atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a definite repeating pattern are known as crystalline solids. Metals and ionic compounds typically form ordered, crystalline solids. A crystalline solid has a precise melting temperature because each atom or molecule of the same type is held in place with the same forces or energy. Amorphous solids or non-crystalline solids (or, sometimes, glasses) which lack an ordered internal structure and are randomly arranged. Substances that...
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Molecular Comparison of Gases, Liquids, and Solids02:26

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Particles in a solid are tightly packed together (fixed shape) and often arranged in a regular pattern; in a liquid, they are close together with no regular arrangement (no fixed shape); in a gas, they are far apart with no regular arrangement (no fixed shape). Particles in a solid vibrate about fixed positions (cannot flow) and do not generally move in relation to one another; in a liquid, they move past each other (can flow) but remain in essentially constant contact; in a gas, they move...
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Speed of Sound in Solids and Liquids00:51

Speed of Sound in Solids and Liquids

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Most solids and liquids are incompressible—their densities remain constant throughout. In the presence of an external force, the molecules tend to restore to their original positions, which is only possible because the constituents interact. The interactions help the constituents pass on information about external disturbances, like sound waves. Therefore, sound waves travel faster through these media. Compared to solids, the constituents in a liquid are less tightly bound. Thus, sound...
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Assembly of Complex Microtubule Structures01:32

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Complex microtubule structures are present in resting cells and in dividing cells. In resting cells, they are responsible for maintaining the cellular architecture, tracks for intracellular transport, positioning of organelles, assembly of cilia and flagella. They mediate the bipolar spindle assembly for chromosomal segregation and positioning of the cell division plate in dividing cells. The formation of microtubule complex structures depends on the cell type, cell stage, and cell function.
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Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

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Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....
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Protein-protein Interfaces02:04

Protein-protein Interfaces

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Many proteins form complexes to carry out their functions, making protein-protein interactions (PPIs) essential for an organism's survival. Most PPIs are stabilized by numerous weak noncovalent chemical forces. The physical shape of the interfaces determines the way two proteins interact. Many globular proteins have closely-matching shapes on their surfaces, which form a large number of weak bonds. Additionally, many PPIs occur between two helices or between a surface cleft and a...
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Directed Assembly of Elastin-like Proteins into defined Supramolecular Structures and Cargo Encapsulation In Vitro
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Bottom-Up Self-Assembled Supramolecular Structures Built by STM at the Solid/Liquid Interface.

Quirina Ferreira1, Catarina L Delfino2, Jorge Morgado3,4

  • 1Instituto de Telecomunicações, Instituto Superior Técnico, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal. quirina.ferreira@lx.it.pt.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 30, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Scientists are miniaturizing organic devices for faster circuits using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). This review covers the latest bottom-up fabrication of unimolecular devices and supramolecular systems at the molecular scale.

Keywords:
coordination chemistryinterfacesmolecular devicemonolayernanotechnologyscanning tunneling microscopyunimolecular electronics

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Area of Science:

  • Organic electronics
  • Nanotechnology
  • Supramolecular chemistry

Background:

  • Organic devices are being miniaturized to create denser and faster electronic circuits.
  • Building these devices requires precise manipulation of matter at the atomic or molecular level.
  • Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) is a key technique for visualizing and manipulating nanoscale structures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the latest advancements in fabricating unimolecular devices and supramolecular systems.
  • To highlight the use of STM in bottom-up approaches for molecular-scale construction.
  • To showcase the application of STM at the solid/liquid interface for device fabrication.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) for high-resolution imaging and manipulation.
  • Employing bottom-up strategies for constructing molecular architectures.
  • Investigating supramolecular systems at the solid/liquid interface.

Main Results:

  • Demonstration of atom-by-atom and molecule-by-molecule fabrication techniques.
  • Successful monitoring and fabrication of functional unimolecular devices.
  • Examples of complex supramolecular systems assembled at the molecular scale.

Conclusions:

  • STM is a powerful tool for developing advanced organic electronic devices.
  • Bottom-up approaches using STM enable precise control over molecular assembly.
  • The solid/liquid interface is a viable platform for nanoscale device fabrication.