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Postpartum Depression: Pathophysiology, Treatment, and Emerging Therapeutics
Donna E Stewart1,2,3,4, Simone N Vigod1,5
1Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C4, Canada;
Annual Review of Medicine
|January 30, 2019
Summary
Postpartum depression (PPD) is a common complication of childbirth. Identifying effective treatments is crucial for maternal and infant well-being, with new therapies emerging.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Psychiatry
- Perinatal Mental Health
Background:
- Postpartum depression (PPD) is a prevalent and debilitating condition following childbirth.
- A history of mood or anxiety disorders, particularly active symptoms during pregnancy, is the primary risk factor for PPD.
- PPD significantly impacts maternal, infant, and family outcomes, necessitating effective management strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current understanding of PPD pathophysiology.
- To explore emerging therapeutic options for PPD.
- To present the benefits and potential harms of various PPD treatments, including during breastfeeding.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of PPD pathophysiology and treatment options.
- Synthesis of information on current medications, somatic treatments, and psychotherapy.
- Analysis of benefits and risks associated with PPD interventions.
Main Results:
- PPD is a common and treatable complication of childbirth.
- History of mood/anxiety disorders, especially during pregnancy, is the strongest risk factor.
- Emerging therapeutics offer potential additions to existing treatments.
Conclusions:
- Optimal treatment of PPD is vital for maternal, infant, and family health.
- New insights into PPD pathophysiology are guiding the development of novel therapeutics.
- A comprehensive understanding of treatment benefits and harms, including during breastfeeding, is essential for informed clinical decisions.
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