Determinants of Outcome in Convulsive Status Epilepticus in Adults: An Ambispective Study from Central India

The determinants of the outcome in adult convulsive status epilepticus(CSE), also the implication of the value of mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), and random blood sugar at admission on the outcome are not clear.

The objective of this study is to look for the determinants of unfavorable outcome in CSE.

Ambispectively gathered data from 55 patients, treated consecutively with identical protocol during January 2010-December 2016, were analyzed. The demographic and clinical variables were identified and correlated with outcome in each individual.

There were 65.45% males and 34.55% females. Favorable outcome (conscious and discharged) was seen in 63.6%, unfavorable (death 14.5%, absent cortical functions 10.9%, and inability to wean-off anesthetic agents 10.9%). The parameters associated with unfavorable outcome were female gender (odds ratio [OR]: 1.45), MAP ≤80 mmHg (OR: 2.57), time to first medical attention >5 h (OR: 127.8), and time to control clinical seizures >3.5 h (OR: 7.87). Almost 44.2% of patients with SE severity score >2 had unfavorable outcome (sensitivity 75% and specificity 45.7%). New scoring system, the CSE outcome score (CSEOS, developed by combining the predictors associated with higher odds of poor outcome), predicted the poor outcome with the sensitivity and specificity of 90% and 54.29%, respectively.

Low MAP and delay of >3.5 h in treatment initiation or seizure control are the key determinants of poor outcome in CSE. With the incorporation of CSEOS, we believe that our findings can be helpful in the process of clinical decision-making and prognostication of patients with CSE.