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Related Concept Videos

Oral Cavity01:11

Oral Cavity

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The oral cavity, or the mouth, is a complex structure in humans that plays a vital role in our day-to-day lives. Its role is not only in chewing and swallowing food; it also plays a role in speech and facial expressions.
Teeth: The teeth are the hardest structures in our bodies. Humans have two sets of teeth throughout their lifetime: deciduous (baby) teeth and permanent teeth. Each tooth consists of several parts: the crown (visible part), the root (embedded in the jaw), enamel (hard outer...
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Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Glinides01:06

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Repaglinide (Prandin) and Nateglinide (Starlix), known as glinides, are oral insulin secretagogues that stimulate insulin release from pancreatic β cells by closing the ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP channel). Repaglinide controls insulin release from pancreatic β cells by managing potassium efflux. It shares two binding sites with sulfonylureas and also has a unique site, indicating overlapping mechanisms of action. With a rapid onset and a 4-7 hour duration, it effectively...
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Psychosexual Stages of Personality: Oral01:16

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The oral stage is the initial phase of Sigmund Freud's theory of psychosexual development, occurring from birth to approximately 12 to 18 months. During this period, the infant's mouth serves as the primary source of pleasure, with actions such as sucking, chewing, biting, and drinking playing a crucial role in reducing tension. These activities are essential not only for nourishment but also for the infant's psychological and emotional satisfaction.
Weaning, typically occurring...
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Assessing Body Temperature - Oral01:14

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Here are the steps to accurately measure oral temperature using an electronic thermometer:
Step 1:
Start by practicing proper hand hygiene to prevent the spread of microorganisms.
Step 2:
Take the thermometer out of the charging unit, switch it on, and wait for the ready sign.
Step 3:
Gently slide the probe cover until a click is heard. This simple action prevents cross-contamination and ensures the correct placement of the probe cover.
Step 4:
Instruct the patient to open their mouth and place...
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Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Sulfonylureas01:17

Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Sulfonylureas

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Sulfonylureas are oral hypoglycemic agents utilized in treating type 2 diabetes. They are characterized by their unique sulfonylurea chemical structure. The family of sulfonylureas is divided into generations. First-generation sulfonylureas, including tolbutamide (Orinase), chlorpropamide (Diabinese), and tolazamide (Tolinase), trigger insulin release from pancreatic β cells and enhance peripheral tissues' insulin sensitivity. The second-generation members, such as glipizide...
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Non-Oral Extravascular Drug Absorption Routes01:15

Non-Oral Extravascular Drug Absorption Routes

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Non-oral extravascular routes, which encompass sublingual, buccal, topical, intramuscular, and inhalation methods, primarily utilize passive diffusion to transport drugs into the systemic circulation. The absorption rates and effectiveness of these routes depend on the drug's physicochemical properties, as well as the patient's anatomical and pathophysiological state.
Lipophilic drugs that are stable at salivary pH (6) and exhibit minimal binding to the oral mucosa are absorbed more...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 30, 2026

Utilizing an Orally Dissolving Strip for Pharmacological and Toxicological Studies: A Simple and Humane Alternative to Oral Gavage for Animals
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Human oral dirofilariasis.

Anita Spadigam1, Anita Dhupar1, Shaheen Syed1

  • 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Goa Dental College and Hospital, Bambolim, Goa, India.

Tropical Parasitology
|January 30, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dirofilariasis, a zoonotic filarial infection transmitted by mosquitoes, is increasingly reported globally. This study details the first documented case of oral dirofilariasis in Goa, India, highlighting a rare manifestation of this vector-borne disease.

Keywords:
Dirofilaria repensnematodeoral dirofilariasis

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Entomology
  • Parasitology
  • Tropical Medicine

Background:

  • Zoonotic filarial infections, such as dirofilariasis, are a global health concern.
  • Vector-borne transmission through mosquitoes is the primary route for dirofilariasis in humans.
  • Global warming is linked to increased mosquito activity and expanded geographic transmission of dirofilarial infections, particularly in Asia.

Observation:

  • Dirofilariasis typically presents as mucocutaneous or pulmonary infections.
  • Oral and perioral dirofilariasis are exceptionally rare manifestations of the disease.
  • Such rare presentations can present significant diagnostic challenges for clinicians.

Findings:

  • This report documents the first confirmed case of oral dirofilariasis in Goa, India.
  • The case highlights an unusual clinical presentation of a known zoonotic infection.
  • The successful identification of oral dirofilariasis in this region is a key finding.

Implications:

  • This case expands the known clinical spectrum of dirofilariasis.
  • Increased awareness among clinicians is crucial for diagnosing rare oral manifestations.
  • Understanding geographic distribution and transmission dynamics is vital for public health strategies.