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[Progress on pathogenesis of progressive multifocal leukoence-phalopathy]

Caiqin Hu1, Biao Zhu1

  • 1Department of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China.

Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao. Yi Xue Ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical Sciences
|January 30, 2019
PubMed

Insights

JC polyomavirus (JCV) variations and immune cell roles are key in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) pathogenesis. Understanding these factors is crucial for managing this severe neurological disease.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Virology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a fatal demyelinating disease of the central nervous system.
  • PML is caused by the JC polyomavirus (JCV), particularly in immunocompromised individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the roles of JC polyomavirus (JCV) variation in PML pathogenesis.
  • To elucidate the involvement of immune cells in the development of PML.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on JCV genetic variations.
  • Analysis of the role of T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes in PML.
  • Examination of JC polyomavirus (JCV) non-coding regulatory region (NCCR) and VP1 gene mutations.

Main Results:

  • JC polyomavirus (JCV) genetic variations, including NCCR recombination and VP1 mutations, influence viral gene transcription, cell adsorption, and pathogenicity.
  • T lymphocytes are critical for recognizing viral antigens and clearing JCV, impacting PML prognosis.
  • B lymphocytes act as reservoirs for JCV, contributing to viral transmission, replication, and gene expression.

Conclusions:

  • JC polyomavirus (JCV) variation significantly contributes to the pathogenesis of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML).
  • Immune cell dynamics, particularly T and B lymphocyte functions, are integral to PML development and disease outcome.

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