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Carboplatin: a new cisplatin analog.
D M Woloschuk1, J M Pruemer, R J Cluxton
1University of Cincinnati Hospital, OH.
Drug Intelligence & Clinical Pharmacy
|November 1, 1988
Summary
Carboplatin shows promise in treating ovarian carcinoma, head and neck cancer, and small-cell lung cancer with fewer toxic side effects than cisplatin. Further trials are needed to confirm its role as a cisplatin replacement.
Area of Science:
- Medical Oncology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Carboplatin is a novel antineoplastic agent.
- It exhibits antitumor activity comparable to cisplatin.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of carboplatin.
- To identify patient populations who may benefit from carboplatin therapy.
Main Methods:
- Clinical activity assessment in ovarian carcinoma, head and neck cancer, and small-cell lung cancer.
- Analysis of carboplatin's pharmacokinetic profile and toxicity.
- Correlation of renal platinum clearance with creatinine clearance.
Main Results:
- Carboplatin demonstrates activity in specific cancers but causes dose-limiting myelosuppression.
- It is less nephrotoxic, ototoxic, and neurotoxic compared to cisplatin.
- Renal clearance of platinum is linked to creatinine clearance.
Conclusions:
- Carboplatin is a viable option for patients with impaired renal function or those intolerant to cisplatin's hydration requirements.
- It may be particularly beneficial for patients at high risk of cisplatin-induced ototoxicity or neurotoxicity.
- Large-scale comparative trials are necessary to establish carboplatin as a cisplatin substitute.