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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 30, 2026

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Evaluation of a Pilot Perioperative Smoking Cessation Program: A Pre-Post Study.

Kelly C Young-Wolff1, Sara R Adams1, Renee Fogelberg2

  • 1Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California.

The Journal of Surgical Research
|January 30, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Implementing a pilot smoking cessation intervention in perioperative care significantly increased smoking abstinence rates among surgical patients. This program shows promise for improving patient outcomes and reducing surgical complications.

Keywords:
Nicotine replacement therapyPerioperative smoking cessationSmoking cessation interventionSurgical patientsTobacco cessation medication

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Clinical Medicine
  • Health Services Research

Background:

  • Perioperative settings are crucial for smoking cessation interventions, yet often overlooked by healthcare systems.
  • A pilot study evaluated integrating a smoking cessation intervention into standard perioperative care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the effectiveness of a pilot smoking cessation intervention in a surgical patient population.
  • To evaluate provider and patient outcomes related to smoking cessation before and after intervention implementation.

Main Methods:

  • A pre-post intervention study design was used with adult smokers undergoing elective surgery.
  • Data on counseling referrals, medication orders, carbon monoxide testing, smoking status, and complications were collected via electronic health records and surveys.
  • Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to compare pre- and post-intervention outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Significant increases were observed in tobacco cessation counseling referrals (3% to 28%) and preoperative carbon monoxide testing (38% to 50%).
  • Patients in the post-intervention period showed higher rates of smoking abstinence at 30 days post-discharge (44% vs. 24%).
  • While cessation medication orders and patient use of cessation support increased, and surgical complications decreased, these changes were not statistically significant.

Conclusions:

  • A perioperative smoking cessation program integrated into standard care demonstrated positive effects on smoking-related outcomes.
  • Larger studies are necessary to further validate the effectiveness of such integrated programs in reducing surgical complications.