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Related Concept Videos

Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology01:17

Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology

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Gastritis is marked by disruption of the mucosal barrier that usually protects the stomach tissue from digestive juices and manifests in acute and chronic forms.
In acute gastritis, the gastric mucosa becomes swollen and red and undergoes superficial erosion. Superficial ulceration may lead to bleeding.
In chronic gastritis, persistent or repeated insults lead to chronic inflammatory changes and, eventually, thinning or atrophy of the gastric tissue.
Gastritis can stem from various causes, each...
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Gastritis-I: Introduction and Types01:27

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Gastritis, defined by the inflammation or irritation of the stomach lining or gastric mucosa, manifests in several distinct forms: acute, chronic, reactive, and a specific subtype known as autoimmune metaplastic atrophic gastritis.
Acute gastritis presents as a sudden inflammation triggered by various stressors to the stomach lining, such as exposure to corrosive agents, local irritants like aspirin and other NSAIDs, alcohol consumption, radiation therapy, physical trauma, severe burns, sepsis,...
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Gastritis III: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:23

Gastritis III: Clinical Manifestations and Management

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The clinical manifestations of gastritis can vary depending on the cause and type of gastritis, but some common symptoms may include the following.
Clinical manifestations of acute gastritis
The patient with acute gastritis may have a rapid onset of symptoms, such as epigastric pain or discomfort, dyspepsia, anorexia, hiccups, or nausea and vomiting, which can last from a few hours to a few days. Erosive or hemorrhagic gastritis may cause bleeding, which may manifest as blood in vomit or as...
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Initiation of Translation02:33

Initiation of Translation

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Initiating translation is complex because it involves multiple molecules. Initiator tRNA, ribosomal subunits, and eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs) are all required to assemble on the initiation codon of mRNA. This process consists of several steps that are mediated by different eIFs.
First, the initiator tRNA must be selected from the pool of elongator tRNAs by eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2). The initiator tRNA (Met-tRNAi) has conserved sequence elements including modified bases at...
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Base Excision Repair01:54

Base Excision Repair

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One of the common DNA damages is the chemical alteration of single bases by alkylation, oxidation, or deamination. The altered bases cause mispairing and strand breakage during replication. This type of damage causes minimal change to the DNA double helix structure and can be repaired by the base excision repair (BER) pathways. BER corrects damaged DNA sequences by removing the damaged base and restoring the original base sequence using the complementary strand as a template.
The first step of...
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Regulated Protein Degradation02:58

Regulated Protein Degradation

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It is vital to regulate the activity of enzymatic as well as non-enzymatic proteins inside the cell. This can be achieved either through creating a balance between their rate of synthesis and degradation or regulating the intrinsic activity of the protein. Both these regulation mechanisms play an essential role in the normal functioning of cells.
Protein degradation plays two important roles in the cells. It helps to protect cells from misfolded or damaged proteins before they lead to a...
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Recognizing emphysematous gastritis.

Amanda Weaver1, Russell Weintraub, Brian Smith

  • 1Amanda Weaver was a student in the PA program at Nova Southeastern University in Ft. Myers, Fla., when this article was written. She now practices orthopedic surgery at ProHealth Select in Boca Raton, Fla. At Physicians Regional Medical Center in Naples, Fla., Russell Weintraub practices in the Department of Medicine and Brian Smith practices in the Department of Surgery. The authors have disclosed no potential conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise.

JAAPA : Official Journal of the American Academy of Physician Assistants
|January 30, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Emphysematous gastritis, a rare condition caused by gas-forming organisms, requires prompt diagnosis and treatment. This case highlights successful management using CT imaging and aggressive intravenous therapy, improving patient outcomes for this dangerous disease.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Radiology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Emphysematous gastritis is a rare and often fatal condition.
  • It is characterized by the presence of gas within the gastric wall.
  • Gas formation is typically caused by gas-forming microorganisms.

Observation:

  • A patient presented with symptoms indicative of a serious gastrointestinal condition.
  • Computed tomography (CT) scan revealed characteristic signs of emphysematous gastritis.
  • The patient's condition was deemed high-mortality, necessitating urgent intervention.

Findings:

  • Aggressive intravenous (IV) antibiotic therapy was initiated promptly.
  • The chosen antibiotic regimen targeted common gas-forming organisms.
  • Clinical and radiological improvement was observed following treatment.

Implications:

  • Early detection of emphysematous gastritis via CT scan is crucial.
  • Prompt and appropriate IV antibiotic therapy can lead to successful patient recovery.
  • This case underscores the importance of multidisciplinary approaches in managing rare, life-threatening gastrointestinal diseases.