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Updated: Jan 30, 2026

Noninvasive Sampling of Mucosal Lining Fluid for the Quantification of In Vivo Upper Airway Immune-mediator Levels
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Paroxysmal laryngospasm: Episodic closure of the upper airway

David Holley1, Anthony Mendez, Carrlene Donald

  • 1David Holley is an instructor in the Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, and practices at the Mayo Clinic Arizona in Phoenix. Anthony Mendez is an instructor in the Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, program director of the Mayo Clinic's ear-nose-throat PA fellowship, and practices in the Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery at the Mayo Clinic Arizona. Carrlene Donald practices in the Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery at the Mayo Clinic Arizona and is an assistant professor in otolaryngology at the Mayo Clinic College of Medicine. The authors have disclosed no potential conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise.

JAAPA : Official Journal of the American Academy of Physician Assistants
|January 30, 2019
PubMed

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