[NEUROENDOCRINE HYPOTNALAMUS AS A HOMEOSTAT OF ENDOGENOUS TIME]

The conception of hypothalamus as a cerebral structure providing homeostasis of metabolism and temperature in an organism was formed in the 60-70-ies of the XX century (hypothalamus as a metabolic or temperature <>). In the following decades investigations of molecular mechanisms of the genesis of circadian and circannual rhythms expanded our knowledge of hypothalamic functions essentially. According to modern ideas, hypothalamic nuclei play a role as <> for other structures and evoke the genesis of various processes with temporal parameters (such as latency, velocity, duration, periodicity, sequence and density) that compose, in the aggregate, the endogenous time ofan organism. In this review the authors analyze some features of local networks in the hypothalamic nuclei and formulate the principles of neuropeptide effects underlying the homeostatic regulation of the endogenous time of an organism by hypothalamus.