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Related Concept Videos

IR Spectrometers01:25

IR Spectrometers

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There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...
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Distribution and Dispersion00:54

Distribution and Dispersion

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To understand intra-specific interactions in populations, scientists measure the spatial arrangement of species individuals. This geographic arrangement is known as the species distribution or dispersion. Highly territorial species exhibit a uniform distribution pattern, in which individuals are spaced at relatively equal distances from one another. Species that are highly tied to particular resources, such as food or shelter, tend to concentrate around those resources, and thus exhibit a...
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Mass Spectrometers01:16

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This lesson details the instrumentation of a mass spectrometer—a physical instrument to perform mass spectrometry on analyte molecules and record the characteristic mass spectra. This is achieved via three chief functions:
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NMR Spectrometers: Overview01:20

NMR Spectrometers: Overview

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NMR spectrometers consist of a strong magnet, a radiofrequency transmitter, and a detector attached to a computer console for recording spectra of samples containing NMR-active nuclei. In first-generation NMR instruments called continuous-wave spectrometers, the resonance frequencies of the nuclei are determined by frequency-sweep or field-sweep methods. The magnetic field strength is fixed and the rf signal is swept in the former, while the radiofrequency signal is fixed and the magnetic field...
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UV–Vis Spectrometers01:14

UV–Vis Spectrometers

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The absorbance of UV and visible (UV–visible) radiations is measured using a UV–visible spectrophotometer. Deuterium lamps, which emit UV radiation, and tungsten lamps, which produce radiation in the visible region, are used as light sources in UV–visible spectrophotometers. A monochromator or prism is used for diffraction grating, i.e., to split the incoming radiation into different wavelengths. A system of slits is used to focus the desired wavelength on the sample cell.
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NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences01:17

NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences

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A pulse is a short burst of radio waves distributed over a range of frequencies that simultaneously excites all the nuclei in the sample. Upon passing a radio frequency pulse along the x-axis, the nuclei absorb energy corresponding to their Larmor frequencies and achieve resonance. This shifts the net magnetization vector from the z-axis toward the transverse plane. This angle of rotation of the magnetization vector, or the flip angle, is proportional to the duration and intensity of the pulse.
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Three-area-array coherent-dispersion stereo-imaging spectrometer.

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    |January 31, 2019
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    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    A novel spectrometer combines stereo imaging and spectroscopy for 3D spatial and spectral data. This instrument is ideal for ultraviolet-visible hyperspectral remote sensing applications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Remote Sensing Technology
    • Spectroscopy

    Background:

    • Traditional remote sensing often captures either spatial or spectral information, but not both with high resolution.
    • Simultaneously acquiring 3D spatial and high-resolution spectral data presents a significant technological challenge.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To present a novel coherent-dispersion stereo-imaging spectrometer.
    • To demonstrate its capability for obtaining 3D spatial and 1D spectral information simultaneously.
    • To highlight its suitability for ultraviolet-visible hyperspectral remote sensing.

    Main Methods:

    • Integration of three-view stereo imaging with interferometric and dispersive spectroscopy.
    • Utilization of three area-array detectors to capture spectral images from multiple viewpoints.
    • Simultaneous generation of multiple interferograms per scene unit across different wavelength ranges.

    Main Results:

    • The instrument enables the creation of 2D orthophoto images from orthographic views.
    • 3D stereoscopic images are reconstructed using front and back view images.
    • High spectral resolution measurements across an ultraviolet-visible broadband spectral range are achieved.

    Conclusions:

    • The presented spectrometer offers a unique approach to acquiring comprehensive 3D spatial and spectral data.
    • The instrument is well-suited for advanced ultraviolet-visible hyperspectral remote sensing.
    • This technology has the potential to enhance detailed environmental and material analysis from a distance.