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Range00:59

Range

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The range is one of the measures of variation. It can be defined as the difference between a dataset's highest and lowest values. For example, in the study of seven 16-ounce soda cans, the filled volume of soda was measured, thus producing the following amount (in ounces) of soda:
15.9; 16.1; 15.2; 14.8; 15.8; 15.9; 16.0; 15.5
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The coupling interactions of nuclei across four or more bonds are usually weak, with J values less than 1 Hz. While these are usually not observed in spectra, the presence of multiple bonds along the coupling pathway can result in observable long-range coupling.
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Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
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Introduction:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, or MRI, can include a specialized imaging technique of the urinary system known as Magnetic Resonance Urography (MRU). This radiation-free technique uses strong magnetic fields and radio waves to produce detailed images with the help of a computer. MRU is particularly effective for visualizing fluid-filled structures like the kidneys, ureters, and bladder.Applications of MRI in the Genitourinary SystemKidneys and Ureters: MRI detects tumors, cysts,...
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High-resolution Fiber-optic Microendoscopy for in situ Cellular Imaging
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Cellular resolution corneal imaging with extended imaging range.

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    This study introduces an ultrahigh resolution optical coherence tomography (OCT) system for eye imaging. The new OCT technology achieves cellular-level detail in corneas, improving disease diagnosis.

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    Area of Science:

    • Ophthalmology
    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Medical Imaging

    Background:

    • Current optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a gold standard for corneal disease diagnosis.
    • OCT lacks cellular-level resolution critical for many clinical applications.
    • Limited ranging depth and depth of focus (DOF) are key challenges in OCT.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a novel ultrahigh resolution OCT system.
    • To overcome limitations in ranging depth and DOF for cellular resolution imaging.

    Main Methods:

    • Developed an ultrahigh resolution OCT system with <2 µm isotropic spatial resolution.
    • Implemented a dual-spectrometer design to enhance ranging depth.
    • Utilized forward-model based digital refocusing to extend DOF.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved cellular resolution imaging of full-thickness pig cornea (3.5 mm ranging depth).
    • Visualized corneal endothelial cell borders 8 times Rayleigh range from the focal plane.
    • Demonstrated <2 µm isotropic spatial resolution in tissue.

    Conclusions:

    • The novel OCT system provides unprecedented cellular resolution for corneal imaging.
    • This technology has significant potential for in vivo cellular resolution corneal imaging.
    • Advances in OCT imaging can improve diagnosis and understanding of corneal diseases.