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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 30, 2026

Design and Implementation of an fMRI Study Examining Thought Suppression in Young Women with, and At-risk, for Depression

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Published on: May 19, 2015

Depression and neuroticism decrease among women but not among men between 1976 and 2016 in Swedish septuagenarians.

T Rydberg Sterner¹, P Gudmundsson¹, R Sigström¹

¹Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Centre for Ageing and Health (AGECAP) at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.

Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica

|January 31, 2019

Summary

Depressive symptoms and neuroticism decreased in 70-year-old Swedish women over four decades. No birth-cohort differences in depression were found in men, but neuroticism declined.

Keywords:

depression epidemiology gender old age public mental health

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Area of Science:

Gerontology
Psychiatry
Epidemiology

Background:

Investigating birth-cohort variations in mental health provides insights into generational changes in well-being.
Understanding trends in depressive symptoms and neuroticism is crucial for public health initiatives targeting aging populations.

Purpose of the Study:

To examine birth-cohort differences in depressive symptom burden, depression diagnoses, and neuroticism among Swedish 70-year-olds.
To analyze changes in these mental health indicators between 1976 and 2016 across different birth cohorts.

Main Methods:

A repeated cross-sectional design was employed, analyzing four representative population samples of 70-year-olds in Sweden.
Data were collected between 1976-77, 1992-93, 2000-02, and 2014-16 using identical methodologies.
Depressive symptoms (Montgomery Åsberg Depression Rating Scale), depression diagnoses (DSM-5/DSM-IV-TR), and neuroticism (Eysenck Personality Inventory) were assessed.

Main Results:

Women in the 2014-16 cohort showed lower depressive symptom burden and neuroticism compared to earlier cohorts.
The prevalence of any depression diagnosis was lower in the 2014-16 cohort compared to 2000-02 and 1992-93 cohorts for women.
Men exhibited no birth-cohort differences in depression, but lower neuroticism was observed in the 2014-16 cohort compared to 1976-77.

Conclusions:

Depressive symptom burden and neuroticism have decreased among 70-year-old women between 1976 and 2016.
The study highlights a decline in depressive symptoms and neuroticism in women over successive birth cohorts, suggesting potential improvements in mental health or related factors in older age.