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Family dyslipidemia and associated factors with changes in lipid profile in children
Natália Aparecida de Souza1, Sarah Aparecida Vieira1, Poliana Cristina de Almeida Fonsêca1
1Departamento de Nutrição e Saúde, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Viçosa. Av. P.H.Rolfs s/n, Campus. 36570-000 Viçosa MG Brasil. nataliasouzaufv@gmail.com.
Insights
Many young children exhibit abnormal lipid profiles, with high LDL and low HDL being common. Family history, early weaning, sedentary behavior, and candy consumption are linked to these dyslipidemia risks.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Endocrinology
- Nutritional Science
- Public Health
Background:
- Dyslipidemia in childhood is a growing concern, potentially predicting adult cardiovascular disease.
- Early identification of risk factors is crucial for implementing timely interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of dyslipidemia in children aged 4-7 years.
- To identify factors associated with abnormal lipid profiles in this pediatric population.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional study involving 402 children (4-7 years old) enrolled in a Lactation Support Program.
- Measurement of total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, and LDL.
- Poisson regression analysis to assess associations with family history, nutritional status, food consumption, and lifestyle factors.
Main Results:
- High prevalence of abnormal lipid levels: 46.8% elevated LDL, 37.6% elevated total cholesterol, 10.4% elevated triglycerides, and 33.8% low HDL.
- Significant associations found between family history of dyslipidemia and total cholesterol, LDL, and triglycerides.
- Early weaning linked to elevated LDL; sedentary behavior associated with higher LDL and triglycerides.
- Candy consumption correlated with lower HDL levels.
Conclusions:
- A significant proportion of young children present with dyslipidemia.
- Family history, early weaning, sedentary lifestyle, and dietary habits (candy consumption) are key associated factors.
- Targeted nutrition education and intervention programs are essential for this age group.
Abstract:
This article aimed to assess the prevalence of dyslipidemia and associated factors in children aged from 4 to 7 years old. It is a cross-sectional study conducted with 402 children aged from 4 to 7 years old, accompanied by a Lactation Support Program in the first six months of life. We measured total cholesterol, triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL). We selected the variables that could be associated with the lipid profile, such as the family history of dyslipidemia, nutritional status and food consumption of children. We performed Poisson regression analysis with robust variance. The level of significance adopted was p<0.05. We observed increased LDL values in 46.8% (188), total cholesterol in 37.6% (151), triglycerides in 10.4% (42) and below-desirable HDL in 33.8% (136) of the children. There was a statistically significant association between the family history of dyslipidemia with total cholesterol, LDL and triglycerides (p<0.05 and p < 0.001, respectively); Early weaning with LDL (p < 0.05); Sedentarism with LDL and triglycerides (p < 0.05 and p < 0.001, respectively); as well as HDL with candy consumption (p < 0.05). There was a significant prevalence of changes in the lipid profile of the children. Nutrition education activities and programs aimed at this group are needed.
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