One-Step Conversion of Glutamic Acid into 2-Pyrrolidone on a Supported Ru Catalyst in a Hydrogen Atmosphere:
Satoshi Suganuma1, Akihiro Otani1, Shota Joka1
1Center for Research on Green Sustainable Chemistry, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-cho Minami, Tottori, 680-8552, Japan.
Abstract:
Glutamic acid, an abundant nonessential amino acid, was converted into 2-pyrrolidone in the presence of a supported Ru catalyst under a pressurized hydrogen atmosphere. This reaction pathway proceeded through the dehydration of glutamic acid into pyroglutamic acid, subsequent hydrogenation, and the dehydrogenation-decarbonylation of pyroglutaminol into 2-pyrrolidone. In the conversion of pyroglutaminol, Ru/Al2 O3 exhibited notably higher activity than supported Pt, Pd, and Rh catalysts. IR analysis revealed that Ru can hydrogenate the formed CO through dehydrogenation-decarbonylation of hydroxymethyl groups in pyroglutaminol and can also easily desorb CH4 from the active sites on Ru. Furthermore, Ru/Al2 O3 showed the highest catalytic activity among the tested catalysts in the conversion of pyroglutamic acid. Consequently, the conversion of glutamic acid produced a high yield of 2-pyrrolidone by using the supported Ru catalyst. This is the first report of this one-pot reaction under mild reaction conditions (433 K, 2 MPa H2 )" which avoids the degradation of unstable amino acids above 473 K.
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