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[Posttraumatic seizures: a prospective cohort study].

V V Krylov1, A M Teplyshova2, R S Mutaeva3

  • 1Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medical Dentistry, Moscow, Russia; Sklifosovsky Research Institute of Emergenscy Medicine, Moscow, Russia; Clinical Medical Centre of Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medical Dentisity, Moscow, Russia.

Zhurnal Nevrologii I Psikhiatrii Imeni S.S. Korsakova
|January 31, 2019
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Summary

Early seizures after traumatic brain injury (TBI) predict late seizures. Factors like subdural hematoma and skull fractures increase the risk of posttraumatic epilepsy (PTE).

Keywords:
epilepsyposttraumatic seizurestraumatic brain injury

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Trauma Surgery
  • Epileptology

Background:

  • Posttraumatic seizures (PTS) are a significant complication following traumatic brain injury (TBI).
  • Understanding the incidence and risk factors for PTS is crucial for predicting and potentially preventing posttraumatic epilepsy (PTE).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence of early and late posttraumatic seizures (PTS) after TBI.
  • To identify reliable risk factors associated with the development of PTS and subsequent posttraumatic epilepsy (PTE).

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study involving 237 patients with TBI of varying severity.
  • Hospitalization and examination in Moscow neurosurgery departments.
  • Two-year follow-up observation period to classify PTS as early (1-7 days post-TBI) or late (>7 days post-TBI).

Main Results:

  • The incidence of early PTS was 18.1% (43 patients), and late PTS was 6.3% (15 patients).
  • Early seizures were a significant predictor of late seizures.
  • Severe TBI, subdural hematoma, depressed skull fracture, and alcohol abuse were identified as reliable predictors for both early and late PTS.

Conclusions:

  • Early PTS are a strong indicator for the development of late PTS.
  • Specific clinical factors, including severe TBI, subdural hematoma, depressed skull fracture, and alcohol abuse, significantly elevate the risk of developing posttraumatic epilepsy (PTE).