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Structural Interventions to Reduce and Eliminate Health Disparities
Arleen F Brown1, Grace X Ma1, Jeanne Miranda1
1Arleen F. Brown is with General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) and Olive View-UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA. Grace X. Ma is with Center for Asian Health, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA. Jeanne Miranda is with the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Jonathan and Karin Fielding School of Public Health, UCLA. Eugenia Eng is with the Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Dorothy Castille is with the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Teresa Brockie is with Community Public Health Nursing, Johns Hopkins School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Center for American Indian Health, Baltimore, MD. Patricia Jones is with Division of Clinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health. Collins O. Airhihenbuwa is with Health Policy and Behavioral Sciences, Global Research Against Noncommunicable Diseases, Georgia State School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA. Tilda Farhat is with the Office of Science Policy, Planning, Analysis, Reporting and Data; National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities. Lin Zhu is with the Center for Asian Health, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University. Chau Trinh-Shevrin is with the Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY. Tilda Farhat is also a Guest Editor for this supplement issue.
To reduce health disparities, interventions must address structural determinants beyond individual factors. Evidence-based structural approaches are crucial for sustained improvements in minority health outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Health Equity Research
- Social Determinants of Health
Background:
- Health disparities research has advanced interventions for health status and access to care.
- Current interventions often focus on individual/interpersonal factors, limiting sustained improvement.
- Health disparities are perpetuated by complex socioeconomic, environmental, and system-level factors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To advocate for broader approaches targeting structural determinants of health disparities.
- To highlight the need for rigorously evaluated, evidence-based structural interventions.
- To propose recommendations for advancing structural interventions in minority health research.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on health disparities interventions.
- Analysis of innovative programs and policies addressing structural determinants.
- Identification of challenges and opportunities in minority health improvement.
Main Results:
- Existing interventions have primarily targeted individual and interpersonal factors.
- Structural interventions are increasingly deployed but often lack explicit focus on minority health.
- Evidence-based structural interventions are needed to address multilevel determinants.
Conclusions:
- Sustained reduction of health disparities requires interventions on structural determinants.
- More research and evaluation are needed for structural interventions impacting minority health.
- Advancing health disparities research necessitates fostering the development of effective structural interventions.
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