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Updated: Jan 30, 2026

An Organotypic High Throughput System for Characterization of Drug Sensitivity of Primary Multiple Myeloma Cells
Published on: July 15, 2015
Cardiovascular adverse events in multiple myeloma patients
Markus B Heckmann1,2, Shirin Doroudgar1,2, Hugo A Katus1,2
1Department of Cardiology, Angiology, and Pneumology, Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Abstract:
Multiple myeloma is a malignant disease, caused by an uncontrolled clonal proliferation of a specific group of white blood cells, the plasma cells. Clinical manifestations include bone pain due to osteolysis, hypercalcemia, anemia, and renal insufficiency. Proteasome inhibitors have substantially improved survival of patients suffering from multiple myeloma, providing an efficient treatment option mainly for relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma. Although constituting one substance class, bortezomib, carfilzomib, and ixazomib differ greatly regarding their non-hematologic side effects. This article reviews the clinical and preclinical data on approved proteasome inhibitors in an attempt to decipher the underlying pathomechanisms related to cardiovascular adverse events seen in clinical trials.
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