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Alginate/chitosan hydrogel containing olfactory ectomesenchymal stem cells for sciatic nerve tissue engineering.

Majid Salehi1,2, Zohreh Bagher3, Seyed Kamran Kamrava3

  • 1Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran.

Journal of Cellular Physiology
|February 1, 2019
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Alginate/chitosan hydrogel combined with olfactory ectomesenchymal stem cells (OE-MSCs) significantly enhances peripheral nerve regeneration in rats. This biomaterial scaffold supports cell survival and promotes functional recovery after sciatic nerve injury.

Keywords:
alginate/chitosanhydrogelolfactory ectomesenchymal stem cellssciatic nervetissue engineering

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Peripheral nerve damage presents significant challenges for functional recovery.
  • Effective strategies for promoting nerve regeneration are clinically needed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of alginate/chitosan hydrogel loaded with olfactory ectomesenchymal stem cells (OE-MSCs) for peripheral nerve regeneration.
  • To assess the biocompatibility and cell-supporting properties of the hydrogel scaffold.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation and characterization of OE-MSCs.
  • Preparation and characterization of alginate/chitosan hydrogel (porosity, swelling, degradation, blood compatibility).
  • In vitro assessment of OE-MSC behavior on the hydrogel (MTT, DAPI, LIVE/DEAD staining).
  • In vivo study using a rat sciatic nerve defect model, evaluating functional recovery (sciatic functional index, hot plate latency, electrophysiology) and histology.

Main Results:

  • The alginate/chitosan hydrogel exhibited favorable properties, including high porosity, appropriate swelling, controlled degradation, and good blood compatibility.
  • In vitro studies confirmed the hydrogel supports OE-MSC survival and provides a suitable substrate.
  • In vivo results demonstrated that the combination of alginate/chitosan hydrogel and OE-MSCs significantly improved sciatic nerve regeneration and functional recovery compared to controls.

Conclusions:

  • Alginate/chitosan hydrogel serves as a promising scaffold for OE-MSC transplantation.
  • This combined approach effectively promotes peripheral nerve regeneration and functional recovery in a rat model.
  • The study highlights a potential therapeutic strategy for treating peripheral nerve injuries.