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Related Concept Videos

Semiconductors01:22

Semiconductors

1.5K
There is variation in the electrical conductivity of materials - metals, semiconductors, and insulators that are showcased with the help of the energy band diagrams.
Metals such as copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), or lead (Pb) have low resistivity and feature conduction bands that are either not fully occupied or overlap with the valence band, making a bandgap non-existent. This allows electrons in the highest energy levels of the valence band to easily transition to the conduction band upon gaining...
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Types of Semiconductors01:20

Types of Semiconductors

1.4K
Intrinsic semiconductors are highly pure materials with no impurities. At absolute zero, these semiconductors behave as perfect insulators because all the valence electrons are bound, and the conduction band is empty, disallowing electrical conduction. The Fermi level is a concept used to describe the probability of occupancy of energy levels by electrons at thermal equilibrium. In intrinsic semiconductors, the Fermi level is positioned at the midpoint of the energy gap at absolute zero. When...
1.4K
Metal-Semiconductor Junctions01:24

Metal-Semiconductor Junctions

968
The contact of metal and semiconductor can lead to the formation of a junction with either Schottky or Ohmic behavior.
Schottky Barriers
Schottky barriers arise when a metal with a work function (Φm) contacts a semiconductor with a different work function (Φs). Initially, electrons transfer until the Fermi levels of the metal and semiconductor align at equilibrium. For instance, if Φm > Φs, the semiconductor Fermi level is higher than the metal's before contact. The...
968
Biasing of Metal-Semiconductor Junctions01:27

Biasing of Metal-Semiconductor Junctions

579
Biasing metal-semiconductor junctions involves applying a voltage across the junction. Specifically, the metal is connected to a voltage source, while the semiconductor is grounded. This technique is essential for controlling the direction and magnitude of current flow in electronic devices, including diodes, transistors, and photovoltaic cells.
In Schottky junctions, where the semiconductor is n-type, applying a positive voltage to the metal relative to the semiconductor reduces its Fermi...
579
Phase-lead and Phase-lag Controllers01:22

Phase-lead and Phase-lag Controllers

544
Understanding the working function of different types of controllers can be illustrated with practical analogies, such as adjusting a stereo's volume equalizer. Cranking up the bass involves a phase-lead controller, which functions as a high-pass filter, while increasing the treble uses a phase-lag controller, which acts as a low-pass filter. PD controllers, similar to high-pass filters, enhance the system's response to high-frequency components. PI controllers, akin to low-pass...
544
Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lead Control01:24

Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lead Control

451
Phase-lead controllers are commonly used in various control systems to enhance response speed and stability. Adjusting the brightness on a television screen offers a practical example of phase-lead control. When contrast is enhanced, a phase-lead controller is employed. Mathematically, phase-lead control is identified when the first parameter is smaller than the second.
The design of phase-lead control involves the strategic placement of poles and zeros to balance steady-state error and system...
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Facile Synthesis of Colloidal Lead Halide Perovskite Nanoplatelets via Ligand-Assisted Reprecipitation
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Pseudohalides in Lead-Based Perovskite Semiconductors.

Bright Walker1, Gi-Hwan Kim2, Jin Young Kim3

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, South Korea.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|February 1, 2019
PubMed
Summary

This study explores using pseudohalide anions, beyond traditional halides, to create novel lead halide perovskite (LHP) semiconductors. Discovering new anions could unlock advanced optoelectronic properties and material characteristics.

Keywords:
halideslight-emitting diodesperovskitespseudohalidessolar cells

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Solid-State Chemistry
  • Optoelectronics

Background:

  • Lead halide perovskites (LHPs) are promising semiconductors due to their low cost, ease of preparation, and excellent optoelectronic properties.
  • The halide (X) composition in the general ABX3 formula is crucial for tuning LHP characteristics like bandgap and morphology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential of using polyatomic pseudohalide anions in LHP semiconductors.
  • To expand the scope of anion engineering in perovskite materials beyond traditional halides.

Main Methods:

  • Exploration of the prospect of using polyatomic pseudohalide anions in LHP semiconductors.
  • Analysis of the general ABX3 stoichiometry with Pb2+ and -1 charged pseudohalides.

Main Results:

  • The study addresses the open question of whether polyatomic pseudohalides can form semiconducting perovskite crystal phases with Pb2+.
  • Identifies pseudohalides as a potential avenue for discovering new LHP materials.

Conclusions:

  • While halide composition is a known tuning parameter, the use of pseudohalides in LHPs remains underexplored.
  • Further research into pseudohalide anions could lead to novel LHP semiconductors with tailored properties.