Family hyperaldosteronism type I: a clinical case and review of literature
N M Chikladze1, O O Favorova1,2, I E Chazova1
1National Medical Cardiology Research Center of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.
Insights
Glucocorticoids-remediable hyperaldosteronism, a rare genetic hypertension, causes cerebrovascular issues. Glucocorticoid therapy effectively manages aldosterone levels and blood pressure in this condition.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Genetics
- Cardiology
Background:
- Familial hyperaldosteronism type I (FHA I), also known as glucocorticoids-remediable hyperaldosteronism (GRA), is a rare monogenic disorder.
- It is characterized by symptomatic arterial hypertension (AH) and an increased risk of cerebrovascular complications.
Observation:
- The condition arises from a chimeric gene (CYP11B2/CYP11B1) regulated by adrenocorticotropic hormone.
- This abstract details the first reported clinical case of FHA I diagnosed in Russia, with a 40-year follow-up.
Findings:
- Glucocorticoid therapy normalizes blood pressure by reducing aldosterone secretion.
- The case highlights the long-term clinical course and successful management of this rare hypertension.
Implications:
- Early diagnosis and treatment of FHA I are crucial for preventing severe complications.
- This case contributes to understanding the management of rare genetic forms of hypertension.
Abstract:
Family hyperaldosteronism type I (glucocorticoids-remediable hyperaldosteronism) is a rare form of symptomatic arterial hypertension (AH), which often leads to the development of cerebrovascular complications. The disease is caused by the formation of the chimeric gene CYP11B2/CYP11B1. Expression of the chimeric gene is regulated by adrenocorticotropic hormone, and glucocorticoid therapy leads to a decrease in aldosterone secretion and normalization of blood pressure. The article presents the first clinical case of this monogenic disease diagnosed by us in Russia. The features of clinical course and treatment of the patient have been traced in the dynamics for 40 years of observation. Modern approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of this rare family form of hypertension are discussed.
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