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Genetic determinants of the development and course of membranous nephropathy

E S Kamyshova1, I N Bobkova1, I A Gorelova1

  • 1I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia.

Terapevticheskii Arkhiv
|February 1, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) involves antibodies targeting podocyte antigens like PLA2R. Genetic factors, particularly HLA class II and PLA2R1 genes, are significantly associated with IMN development.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Immunology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Membranous nephropathy (MN) is a leading cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults.
  • Primary (idiopathic) MN (IMN) pathogenesis involves autoantibodies against podocyte antigens.
  • Phospholipase A2 receptor 1 (PLA2R) and THSD7A are key antigens in IMN.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent findings on the genetic factors contributing to idiopathic membranous nephropathy.
  • To explore the underlying reasons for autoantibody development in IMN.
  • To highlight the diagnostic and management advancements in IMN.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent scientific literature and studies.
  • Analysis of associations between genetic factors and IMN.
  • Discussion of identified podocytic antigens and circulating antibodies.

Main Results:

  • PLA2R and THSD7A identified as major podocyte antigens in IMN.
  • Discovery of specific antibodies against these antigens improved IMN diagnosis and management.
  • Significant associations found between specific genetic factors and IMN.

Conclusions:

  • Genetic factors, especially human leucocyte antigen class II and PLA2R1 genes, play a significant role in IMN.
  • The etiology of autoantibody development in IMN requires further investigation.
  • Understanding genetic predispositions can enhance IMN research and patient care.
Keywords:
Human Leukocyte Antigens (HLA)PLA2R1geneidiopathic membranous nephropathyphospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R)МРС class II

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