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Interoceptive accuracy predicts nonplanning trait impulsivity.

Aleksandra M Herman1,2, Charlotte L Rae3,4, Hugo D Critchley3,4,5

  • 1Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience, School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom.

Psychophysiology
|February 1, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Impulsivity theories suggest physiological underarousal, but research is limited. This study found no support for underarousal but linked better interoceptive accuracy to lower nonplanning impulsivity in young adults.

Keywords:
Barratt Impulsiveness Scaleheart rateheart rate variabilityinteroceptionskin conductance

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Impulsivity is theorized to stem from physiological underarousal, driving maladaptive behaviors.
  • This underarousal hypothesis lacks robust empirical investigation.
  • Interoception, the sense of the body's internal state, is implicated in self-regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between physiological arousal markers, interoceptive sensitivity, and trait impulsivity.
  • To test the physiological underarousal theory of impulsivity in a nonclinical young adult sample.
  • To explore the link between interoceptive abilities and specific facets of impulsivity.

Main Methods:

  • Experiment 1: Assessed resting physiological arousal (heart rate, heart rate variability, electrodermal activity) in high impulsivity vs. control groups (N=31).
  • Experiment 2: Evaluated interoceptive accuracy (cardiac discrimination) in relation to trait impulsivity (N=60).
  • Utilized psychometric measures for trait impulsivity and physiological recordings.

Main Results:

  • No significant evidence supported the physiological underarousal theory of impulsivity.
  • Impaired cardiac discrimination accuracy was associated with higher levels of nonplanning impulsivity.
  • Individuals better at distinguishing internal bodily signals showed lower nonplanning impulsivity.

Conclusions:

  • The findings challenge the traditional underarousal model of impulsivity.
  • Interoceptive accuracy, particularly cardiac discrimination, emerges as a significant predictor of nonplanning impulsivity.
  • Improving interoceptive discrimination may offer novel intervention strategies for enhancing planning abilities.