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Alkali Metals

Alkali Metals

Group 1 elements are soft and shiny metallic solids. They are malleable, ductile, and good conductors of heat and electricity. The melting points of the alkali metals are unusually low for metals and decrease going down the group, while the density increases going down the group with the exception of potassium (Table 1).
Table 1: Properties of the alkali metals

Preparation of Amides

Preparation of Amides

Amides are synthesized by treating carboxylic acids with amines in the presence of dehydrating agents like dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC).
The DCC-promoted synthesis of amides begins with the protonation of DCC by carboxylic acid. The protonation makes it a better acceptor. Next, the addition of carboxylate to the protonated carbodiimide gives a reactive acylating agent.
Subsequently, the amine acts as a nucleophile that attacks the acylating agent to form a tetrahedral intermediate. In the...

Metal-Ligand Bonds

Metal-Ligand Bonds

The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...

Analyte Adsorption and Distribution

Analyte Adsorption and Distribution

In certain chromatographic separations, solutes transfer between the mobile phase and the stationary phase via sorption, which typically refers to the process of adsorption. For many chromatographic systems, the sorption process often depends on the polarity of the compounds—an expression of the overall dipole moment within the molecule. During the separation process, there is competition between the solute and solvent for adsorption to the stationary phase. Highly polar compounds and...

Properties of Transition Metals

Properties of Transition Metals

Transition metals are defined as those elements that have partially filled d orbitals. As shown in Figure 1, the d-block elements in groups 3–12 are transition elements. The f-block elements, also called inner transition metals (the lanthanides and actinides), also meet this criterion because the d orbital is partially occupied before the f orbitals.

Bonding in Metals

Bonding in Metals

Metallic bonds are formed between two metal atoms. A simplified model to describe metallic bonding has been developed by Paul Drüde called the “Electron Sea Model”.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 30, 2026

Author Spotlight: Characterizing Porous Materials for Aiding the Development of Robust Metal-Organic Frameworks with Adsorption Behavior

Author Spotlight: Characterizing Porous Materials for Aiding the Development of Robust Metal-Organic Frameworks with Adsorption Behavior

Published on: March 8, 2024

Stable Amide-Functionalized Metal-Organic Framework with Highly Selective CO₂ Adsorption.

Cong Chen¹, Mingxing Zhang², Wenwei Zhang¹

¹State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , China.

Inorganic Chemistry

|February 1, 2019

Summary

A novel amide-functionalized metal-organic framework (AFMOF) demonstrates superior carbon dioxide (CO2) adsorption and selectivity. This stable material offers a promising solution for efficient CO2 capture applications.

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Chemistry
Environmental Science

Background:

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are investigated for gas adsorption.
Developing MOFs with high CO2 selectivity and stability is crucial for carbon capture.

Purpose of the Study:

To synthesize and characterize a new amide-functionalized metal-organic framework (AFMOF).
To evaluate the CO2 adsorption capacity and selectivity of the new AFMOF.
To understand the mechanism behind the selective CO2 uptake.

Main Methods:

Synthesis of the AFMOF, denoted as NJU-Bai49.
Gas adsorption measurements at 298 K and 0.15 bar.
Grand canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulations.

Main Results:

NJU-Bai49 exhibits 4.5 wt % CO2 uptake.
Achieved the highest CO2/N2 selectivity (166.7) among known AFMOFs.
GCMC simulations identified amide groups and open metal sites as key CO2 binding sites.

Conclusions:

The synthesized AFMOF shows excellent CO2 adsorption and selectivity.
The material possesses high thermal and chemical stability.
The findings suggest potential for advanced CO2 capture technologies.