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Strategies for Gaze Stabilization Critically Depend on Locomotor Speed
1German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders, University Hospital, LMU, Munich.
Neuroscience
|February 1, 2019
Summary
Gaze stabilization during locomotion differs between horizontal and vertical planes. Horizontal gaze relies on reflexes, while vertical gaze shifts to automated control during faster speeds.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Biomechanics
- Ophthalmology
Background:
- Locomotion requires coordinated head movements for gaze stability.
- Vestibulo-ocular reflexes (VOR) and visual feedback are crucial for maintaining gaze.
- Gaze systems must adapt to varying head motions during different locomotor speeds.
Purpose of the Study:
- Investigate horizontal and vertical angular VOR (aVOR) and linear gaze stabilization (lGS).
- Examine head movement compensation during treadmill walking and running at various speeds.
- Assess the influence of viewing distance on gaze stabilization strategies.
Main Methods:
- Participants walked and ran on a treadmill at speeds from 0.4 to 2.4 m/s.
- Gaze stabilization was measured while fixating targets at 0.5 m and 2.0 m.
- Horizontal and vertical aVOR and lGS were analyzed.
Main Results:
- Horizontal aVOR dominated, but linear compensation was insufficient.
- Vertical eye and head motion became more synchronized with increasing speed.
- Vertical aVOR timing became automated and visually independent at faster speeds.
Conclusions:
- Horizontal and vertical gaze stabilization strategies differ significantly.
- Horizontal gaze control relies on passive reflexes across speeds.
- Vertical gaze stabilization transitions to automated feed-forward control at higher locomotion speeds, likely via spinal locomotor commands.
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