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Related Concept Videos

Ideal Solutions02:24

Ideal Solutions

22.4K
According to Raoult’s law, the partial vapor pressure of a solvent in a solution is equal or identical to the vapor pressure of the pure solvent multiplied by its mole fraction in the solution. However, Raoult's Law is only valid for ideal solutions. For a solution to be ideal, the solvent-solute interaction must be just as strong as a solvent-solvent or solute-solute interaction. This suggests that both the solute and the solvent would use the same amount of energy to escape to the...
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General Properties of Solutions02:12

General Properties of Solutions

35.7K
Many common substances around us exist as a solution, such as ocean water, air, and gasoline. All solutions are mixtures of substances that are composed of varying amounts of two or more types of atoms or molecules. A mixture with a non-uniform composition is a heterogeneous mixture, whereas a mixture with a uniform composition is a homogeneous mixture. The components that make the homogeneous mixture are evenly spread out and thoroughly mixed. 
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Solution Formation02:16

Solution Formation

37.5K
There is no one solvent that can dissolve every type of solute. Some substances that readily dissolve in a certain solvent might be insoluble in a different solvent. A simple way to predict which substances dissolve in which solvent is the phrase "like dissolves like". This means that polar substances, such as salt and sugar, dissolve in a polar substance like water. In contrast, non-polar substances are more soluble in non-polar solvents such as carbon tetrachloride.
This selective...
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Enthalpy of Solution02:39

Enthalpy of Solution

30.4K
There are two criteria that favor, but do not guarantee, the spontaneous formation of a solution:
30.4K
Resistivity01:22

Resistivity

4.5K
When a voltage is applied to a conductor, an electrical field is generated, and charges in the conductor feel the force due to the electrical field. The current density that results depends on the electrical field and the properties of the material. In some materials, including metals at a given temperature, the current density is approximately proportional to the electrical field. In these cases, the current density can be modeled as:
4.5K
Resistance01:19

Resistance

6.0K
When a current moves through any conductor, the conductor causes some level of difficulty for the current to flow. The measure of that difficulty is known as the resistance of the material and is represented by R. Every material has its own resistance. In the case of conductors, heat is emitted whenever a current passes through them. Resistance depends on the resistivity of the material. Resistivity is a characteristic of the material used to fabricate electrical components, whereas the...
6.0K

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Expression of Cementitious Pore Solution and the Analysis of Its Chemical Composition and Resistivity Using X-ray Fluorescence
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Expression of Cementitious Pore Solution and the Analysis of Its Chemical Composition and Resistivity Using X-ray Fluorescence

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Resistance: A problem without an easy solution.

Janet Hemingway1

  • 1London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom Pembroke Place, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK.

Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology
|February 2, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Insecticide resistance threatens disease control. New strategies and economic evaluations are crucial for effective, long-term vector control and managing insect resistance.

Keywords:
AnophelesMalariaMosquitoPyrethroidResistance management

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Area of Science:

  • Public health entomology
  • Insecticide resistance management

Background:

  • Insecticide resistance poses a significant threat to controlling insect-borne diseases.
  • Current vector control strategies, including Integrated Vector Management, require improved evidence for interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the urgent need for new public health insecticides.
  • To emphasize the necessity of integrating resistance management strategies.
  • To advocate for improved evidence and economic evaluation for vector control interventions.

Main Methods:

  • This study is a review and synthesis of current challenges in insecticide resistance and vector control.
  • It emphasizes the need for enhanced economic evaluations and evidence-based advocacy.

Main Results:

  • Insecticide resistance is a critical barrier to disease control.
  • Existing Integrated Vector Management approaches are insufficient without better supporting evidence.
  • Increased financial commitment from the donor community is necessary for sustainable vector control.

Conclusions:

  • Effective long-term vector control requires robust resistance management strategies.
  • Improved economic evaluations are essential to justify investments in vector control.
  • Proactive management of insecticide resistance is critical to prevent future control failures.