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Related Concept Videos

Colloids03:22

Colloids

21.0K
Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles that are visible to the naked eye or can be seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. On the other hand, a solution is a homogeneous mixture in which no settling occurs and in which the dissolved...
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Morphogenesis02:19

Morphogenesis

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Plant morphogenesis—the development of a plant’s form and structure—involves several overlapping developmental processes, including growth and cell differentiation. Precursor cells differentiate into specific cell types, which are organized into the tissues and organ systems that make up the functional plant.
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Colloids and Suspensions01:17

Colloids and Suspensions

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Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles visible to the naked eye or seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. The suspended particles in a suspension settle out after some time of mixing. The separation of particles from a suspension is...
3.4K
Colloidal precipitates01:09

Colloidal precipitates

6.5K
The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...
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Epigenetic Regulation01:46

Epigenetic Regulation

33.7K
Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
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GTPases and their Regulation02:14

GTPases and their Regulation

9.8K
Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G-proteins), also known as GTPases, are a superfamily of proteins that regulate many cellular processes, such as cell signaling, vesicular transport, and the regulation of cell shape and motility. Mutation or dysfunction of these proteins can lead to disease. There are around 40,000 known G-proteins that can broadly be classified into two groups ‒  small G-proteins consisting of a single domain and large multi-domain G-proteins.
Large G-proteins,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 30, 2026

Fast and Sensitive Colloidal Coomassie G-250 Staining for Proteins in Polyacrylamide Gels
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Fast and Sensitive Colloidal Coomassie G-250 Staining for Proteins in Polyacrylamide Gels

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Colloidal Gels with Tunable Mechanomorphology Regulate Endothelial Morphogenesis.

Smruti K Nair1, Sukanya Basu2, Ballari Sen1

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA.

Scientific Reports
|February 2, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers decoupled matrix mechanics and morphology to study endothelial cell network formation. Tenuous microstructures promoted network formation, while increased stiffness reduced it, revealing distinct roles for matrix properties in vascularization.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Cell Biology
  • Tissue Engineering

Background:

  • Endothelial cell (EC) network formation is crucial for capillary development.
  • Current 3D gels lack independent control over matrix morphology and mechanics, hindering understanding of EC organization.
  • Decoupling matrix features is essential for designing biomaterials for vascularization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To engineer gelatin-based colloidal gels with independently controlled mechanomorphology.
  • To investigate the distinct roles of matrix morphology and mechanics in EC network formation.
  • To explore the potential of engineered colloidal gels as biomaterials for vascularization.

Main Methods:

  • Developed gelatin-based colloidal gels by engineering electrostatic interactions to control particle aggregation.
  • Varied particle aggregation to achieve distinct microstructures (compact dense vs. tenuous strand-like).
  • Controlled matrix stiffness independently by adjusting particle fraction.

Main Results:

  • Tenuous strand-like microstructures favored EC network formation via enhanced cell-matrix and cell-cell interactions.
  • Compact dense microstructures inhibited EC network formation.
  • Increased gel stiffness reduced EC network extent within a given microstructure.

Conclusions:

  • 3D matrix morphology and mechanics provide distinct, bidirectional signals regulating EC network formation.
  • Engineered colloidal gels offer a platform to study angiogenic responses.
  • These gels hold potential as biomaterials for promoting vascularization.