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Updated: Jan 30, 2026
Inducing Apical Periodontitis in Mice
Published on: August 6, 2019
Comparative analysis of prevalence of apical periodontitis in smokers and non-smokers using cone-beam computed
Hanan A Balto1,2, Lama Alabdulaaly3,4, Shaima Bahammam3,5
1Department of Restorative Dental Science, Division of Endodontics, Dental Caries Research Chair, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, P.O. Box 62645, Riyadh 11595, Saudi Arabia.
Objective:
The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence and size of periapical lesions among smokers and non-smokers using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).
Materials And Methods:
Retrievable CBCT datasets for 46 male patients ≥18 years during a consecutive period from 2008 to 2016 were examined. The medical, smoking history and other clinical findings (signs of previous dental trauma; Decayed Missing Filled Teeth (DMFT) scores; the percentage of root filled teeth; and oral hygiene status) were obtained. Periapical status of all included teeth was assessed by CBCT images. Statistical analysis was conducted using t-test, Pearson correlation and multiple regression.
Results:
The prevalence of apical periodontitis was 13.93% in smokers and 14.26% in non-smokers with no significant difference (p = 0.936). The mean of the average size of lesions between the two groups were almost comparable, 3.50 mm in smokers and 2.89 mm in non-smokers (p = 0.567). Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis showed that the percentage of lesion present and the average lesion size were not correlated to any independent variable.
Conclusions:
While smoking is considered a risk factor for marginal periodontitis, there was no difference between smokers and non-smokers in terms of apical periodontitis.
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