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Updated: Jan 30, 2026

A Protein Microarray Assay for Serological Determination of Antigen-specific Antibody Responses Following Clostridium difficile Infection
Published on: June 15, 2018
Combination probiotics may prevent Clostridium difficile infection among elderly patients undergoing an orthopedic
Takahiko Nagamine1,2, Yoshinobu Matsumoto2, Masaru Nakamura3
1Sunlight Brain Research Center, 4-13-18 Jiyugaoka, Hofu City, Yamaguchi 747-0066, Japan.
Abstract:
The incidence of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is greater in elderly orthopedic patients. We conducted a retrospective case-control study by selecting elderly patients who underwent proximal femoral fracture surgery to investigate the effect of probiotics on CDI prevention. Cases were diagnosed with CDI by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for C. difficile toxins using frozen stool specimens. The primary method of exposure was receipt of combination probiotics such as Streptococcus faecalis, Bacillus mesentericus, and Clostridium butyricum. The crude odds ratio between developing CDI and receiving combination probiotics was 0.074 (95% CI: 0.010-0.565; p=0.002). Adjunctive combination probiotics among elderly patients who undergo proximal femoral fracture surgery likely reduces the probability of CDI.
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