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Updated: Jan 30, 2026

Genome Editing in Astyanax mexicanus Using Transcription Activator-like Effector Nucleases TALENs
Published on: June 20, 2016
Design, Construction, and Application of Transcription Activation-Like Effectors
Peter Deng1,2,3, Sakereh Carter1,3, Kyle Fink4,5
1Stem Cell Program and Institute for Regenerative Cures, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA.
Abstract:
Transcription activator-like effectors (TALEs) are modular proteins derived from the plant Xanthomonas sp. pathogen that can be designed to target unique DNA sequences following a simple cipher. Customized TALE proteins can be used in a variety of molecular applications that include gene editing and transcriptional modulation. Presently, we provide a brief primer on the design and construction of TALEs. TALE proteins can be fused to a variety of different effector domains that alter the function of the TALE upon binding. This flexibility of TALE design and downstream effect may offer therapeutic applications that are discussed in this section. Finally, we provide a future perspective on TALE technology and what challenges remain for successful translation of gene-editing strategies to the clinic.
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Transcription
Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in the proper synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA). Regulation of transcription is responsible for the differentiation of all the different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds...

