Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 30, 2026

Generation of Transgenic Rats using a Lentiviral Vector Approach
09:07

Generation of Transgenic Rats using a Lentiviral Vector Approach

Published on: May 17, 2020

9.3K

Poxviruses as Gene Therapy Vectors: Generating Poxviral Vectors Expressing Therapeutic Transgenes

Steven J Conrad1, Jia Liu2,3

  • 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS), Little Rock, AR, USA.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|February 2, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Poxvirus vectors, including vaccinia virus (VACV) and myxoma virus (MYXV), show promise as oncolytic cancer therapeutics and for other medical treatments. This guide details engineering these poxvirus vectors for therapeutic transgene expression and preclinical studies.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Immunology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Poxvirus vectors are studied for their long-lasting immunological effects, vaccine development, and especially for cancer treatment due to their oncolytic properties.
  • Vaccinia virus (VACV) and myxoma virus (MYXV) are key poxviruses explored as virotherapeutics, with VACV having advanced to clinical trials for various cancers.
  • Myxoma virus (MYXV) shows potential beyond oncolysis, including immunotherapeutics and treating graft-versus-host diseases, also progressing towards clinical trials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a guide for engineering poxvirus vectors for therapeutic transgene expression.
  • To outline methods for producing viral preparations for preclinical studies.
  • To highlight the unique engineering processes for poxvirus vectors compared to other DNA virus vectors.

Main Methods:

  • Genetic engineering of poxvirus vectors (VACV and MYXV) to express therapeutic transgenes.
  • Production of viral preparations for preclinical research.
  • Discussion of poxvirus vector engineering distinct from other DNA viruses like herpesviruses.

Main Results:

  • Poxvirus vectors, VACV and MYXV, demonstrate significant potential as oncolytic agents and for broader therapeutic applications.
  • VACV has shown success in early-phase clinical trials for cancer therapy.
  • MYXV is being explored for novel therapeutic uses and is advancing into clinical trials.

Conclusions:

  • Poxvirus vectors offer a versatile platform for developing novel therapeutics, particularly in oncology and immunology.
  • The genetic engineering of poxvirus vectors is crucial for tailoring them to specific therapeutic needs.
  • This work serves as a foundational guide for researchers in the field of poxvirus-based virotherapeutics.
Keywords:
Infection/transfectionMyxoma virus (MYXV)PoxvirusPoxvirus genetic engineeringPoxvirus transfer vectorTransgene expressionVaccinia virus (VACV)

More Related Videos

Isolation of Next-Generation Gene Therapy Vectors through Engineering, Barcoding, and Screening of Adeno-Associated Virus AAV Capsid Variants09:20

Isolation of Next-Generation Gene Therapy Vectors through Engineering, Barcoding, and Screening of Adeno-Associated Virus AAV Capsid Variants

Published on: October 18, 2022

5.2K
Generating Transgenic Plants with Single-copy Insertions Using BIBAC-GW Binary Vector12:08

Generating Transgenic Plants with Single-copy Insertions Using BIBAC-GW Binary Vector

Published on: March 28, 2018

13.2K

Related Concept Videos

Gene Therapy00:59

Gene Therapy

Gene therapy is a technique where a gene is inserted into a person’s cells to prevent or treat a serious disease. The added gene may be a healthy version of the gene that is mutated in the patient, or it could be a different gene that inactivates or compensates for the patient’s disease-causing gene. For example, in patients with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) due to a mutation in the gene for the enzyme adenosine deaminase, a functioning version of the gene can be...
27.6K
Vectors01:30

Vectors

Vectors are mathematical entities characterized by both magnitude and direction. Unlike scalars, which are defined solely by magnitude, vectors represent quantities like displacement, velocity, and force, where direction is essential. Vectors are graphically represented as directed line segments, extending from an initial point to a terminal point, denoted with bold letters or arrows placed above the symbol. Two vectors are deemed equal if they share identical magnitudes and directions,...
478
Acceleration Vectors01:30

Acceleration Vectors

In everyday conversation, accelerating means speeding up. Acceleration is a vector in the same direction as the change in velocity, Δv, therefore the greater the acceleration, the greater the change in velocity over a given time. Since velocity is a vector, it can change in magnitude, direction, or both. Thus acceleration is a change in speed or direction, or both. For example, if a runner traveling at 10 km/h due east slows to a stop, reverses direction, and continues their run at 10 km/h...
22.5K
Vector Operations01:20

Vector Operations

Vectors are physical quantities that have both magnitude and direction. The vector operations include addition, subtraction, and scalar multiplication.
A vector multiplied by a scalar value is called scalar multiplication. The result obtained is a new vector with a different magnitude. If the scalar is positive, the direction of the vector remains the same, but if it is negative, the direction of the vector is reversed. For example, the product of the mass and velocity yields the momentum.
2.2K
Force Vector along a Line01:26

Force Vector along a Line

Quite often in three-dimensional statics problems, the direction of a force is specified by two points through which its line of action passes. Consider a three-dimensional static pole with a cable anchored to the ground.
1.1K
Scalar and Vectors01:22

Scalar and Vectors

In mechanics, commonly used terms like force, speed, velocity, and work can be classified as either scalar or vector quantities. A scalar is a physical quantity that can be described by its magnitude alone and does not require any directional components. Examples of scalar quantities are mass, area, and length.
Scalar quantities with the same physical units can be added or subtracted according to the usual algebra rules for numbers. For example, a class ending 10 min earlier than 50 min lasts...
2.1K