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    Area of Science:

    • Demography
    • Public Health
    • Reproductive Health

    Background:

    • The United States experienced a 2% decline in registered births in 2017 compared to 2016.
    • Fertility patterns and maternal/infant characteristics are crucial indicators of population health and reproductive trends.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To present comprehensive 2017 data on U.S. births.
    • To describe and interpret trends in fertility, maternal, and infant characteristics from 2010-2017.

    Main Methods:

    • Descriptive tabulations of data from 3.86 million U.S. birth certificates in 2017.
    • Analysis included maternal age, birth order, race/Hispanic origin, marital status, tobacco use, prenatal care, payment source, delivery method, gestational age, birthweight, and plurality.

    Main Results:

    • The general fertility rate (births per 1,000 women aged 15-44) declined to 60.3.
    • Birth rates decreased for women aged 15-39 but increased for women in their early 40s. The cesarean delivery rate rose to 32.0%.
    • Preterm birth and low birthweight rates increased, while smoking during pregnancy decreased to 6.9%.

    Conclusions:

    • Overall fertility continues to decline, with notable shifts in age-specific birth rates.
    • Increases in cesarean delivery and preterm birth rates warrant further investigation.
    • Improved early prenatal care initiation and reduced smoking during pregnancy are positive public health outcomes.