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Related Concept Videos

Model Approaches for Pharmacokinetic Data: Physiological Models01:15

Model Approaches for Pharmacokinetic Data: Physiological Models

274
Physiological models in pharmacokinetics are instrumental in understanding the distribution and elimination of drugs within the body. These models describe the drug concentration within target organs, influenced by factors such as drug uptake, tissue volume, and blood flow. Drug uptake is governed by the partition coefficient, which signifies the drug concentration ratio in tissue to that in the blood. The blood flow rate to a specific tissue is expressed as Qt, and the rate of change in tissue...
274
Model Approaches for Pharmacokinetic Data: Compartment Models01:14

Model Approaches for Pharmacokinetic Data: Compartment Models

554
Compartmental analysis is a widely adopted approach to characterizing drug pharmacokinetics. It uses compartment models that conceptualize the body as a collection of reversibly communicating compartments, each representing a group of tissues exhibiting similar drug distribution characteristics. The movement rate of the drug between these compartments is typically described by first-order kinetics.
Two primary types of compartment models are recognized: mammillary and catenary. The more...
554
Self-Evaluation Maintenance Model01:29

Self-Evaluation Maintenance Model

300
The Self-Evaluation Maintenance (SEM) model offers a psychological framework to understand how individuals’ self-esteem is influenced by the achievements of others, particularly those with whom they share close personal bonds. The SEM model operates when personal rather than social identity guides individuals. Central to this model is the notion that individuals have an inherent desire to preserve a favorable self-image, which is continuously shaped by interpersonal comparisons and...
300
Model Approaches for Pharmacokinetic Data: Distributed Parameter Models01:06

Model Approaches for Pharmacokinetic Data: Distributed Parameter Models

248
Pharmacokinetic models are mathematical constructs that represent and predict the time course of drug concentrations in the body, providing meaningful pharmacokinetic parameters. These models are categorized into compartment, physiological, and distributed parameter models.
The distributed parameter models are specifically designed to account for variations and differences in some drug classes. This model is particularly useful for assessing regional concentrations of anticancer or...
248
One-Compartment Open Model: Urinary Excretion Data and Determination of k01:11

One-Compartment Open Model: Urinary Excretion Data and Determination of k

621
The one-compartment open model leverages urinary excretion data to estimate renal clearance, which gauges the kidney's capacity to expel a drug. This method offers several benefits, including directly measuring drug elimination and assessing the kidney's contribution to overall drug clearance. However, this approach has limitations. It assumes sole renal excretion of the drug, which is not true for all drugs. Accurate urinary excretion and plasma drug concentration measurement can also...
621
Analysis Methods of Pharmacokinetic Data: Model and Model-Independent Approaches01:14

Analysis Methods of Pharmacokinetic Data: Model and Model-Independent Approaches

530
Drug disposition in the body is a complex process and can be studied using two major approaches: the model and the model-independent approaches.
The model approach uses mathematical models to describe changes in drug concentration over time. Pharmacokinetic models help characterize drug behavior in patients, predict drug concentration in the body fluids, calculate optimum dosage regimens, and evaluate the risk of toxicity. However, ensuring that the model fits the experimental data accurately...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 30, 2026

Developing a Salivary Antibody Multiplex Immunoassay to Measure Human Exposure to Environmental Pathogens
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ExpoQual: Evaluating measured and modeled human exposure data.

Judy S LaKind1, Cian O'Mahony2, Thomas Armstrong3

  • 1LaKind Associates, LLC, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 106 Oakdale Ave, Catonsville, MD 21228, USA.

Environmental Research
|February 2, 2019
PubMed
Summary

A new tool, ExpoQual, offers a systematic approach to assess human exposure data quality for environmental risk assessment. This method ensures data is fit-for-purpose, enhancing regulatory decision-making.

Keywords:
BEES-CBiomonitoringExpoQualExposureFit-for-purposeHumanInstrumentModel uncertaintyQuality

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health Sciences
  • Risk Assessment
  • Data Science

Background:

  • Technological advancements generate complex exposure data lacking quality assessment tools.
  • Regulatory bodies increasingly require data quality assessment for environmental risk evaluations.
  • Existing data quality approaches are not universally applicable to both measured and modeled exposure data.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce ExpoQual, a novel instrument for evaluating human exposure data quality.
  • To provide a systematic, transparent, and reproducible method for data quality assessment.
  • To ensure exposure data is fit-for-purpose for environmental risk assessment and decision-making.

Main Methods:

  • ExpoQual integrates recognized parameters and data quality elements from existing methodologies.
  • It evaluates diverse data streams, including quantitative measured and modeled human exposure data.
  • The instrument is designed to minimize subjectivity and incorporate professional judgment transparently.

Main Results:

  • ExpoQual facilitates a structured approach to exposure data quality evaluation.
  • It enables an explicit determination of data's fitness-for-purpose.
  • The tool can assess both traditional and emerging exposure data approaches.

Conclusions:

  • ExpoQual addresses the need for a user-friendly, comprehensive tool for exposure data quality assessment.
  • It supports regulatory efforts by providing reliable and transparent data evaluation.
  • The freely available online tool invites user feedback for further development.