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Updated: Jan 30, 2026

Culturing and Screening the Plant Parasitic Nematode Ditylenchus dipsaci
Published on: January 31, 2022
First Report of Bloat Nematode (Ditylenchus dipsaci) Infecting Garlic in Ohio
A L Testen1, E K Walsh1, C G Taylor1
1Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University OARDC, Wooster, OH 44691.
Bloat nematode (Ditylenchus dipsaci) has been identified as a significant pest of garlic in Ohio, causing severe crop damage. This finding highlights the need for disease-free planting materials to prevent further spread and protect garlic yields.
Area of Science:
- Plant Pathology
- Nematology
- Agricultural Science
Background:
- Bloat nematode, Ditylenchus dipsaci, is a globally significant pest of garlic (Allium sativum), capable of causing total crop loss.
- Garlic is cultivated in Ohio within diversified vegetable production systems.
- In July 2013, garlic bulbs exhibiting disease symptoms were submitted from Lorain County, Ohio, indicating widespread infestation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify the causal agent of disease symptoms observed in garlic bulbs from Ohio.
- To confirm the identity of the nematode through morphological and molecular analyses.
- To establish the presence of Ditylenchus dipsaci as a new garlic pest in Ohio.
Main Methods:
- Nematodes were extracted from infected garlic bulb slices and examined using light microscopy.
- Morphological characteristics of recovered nematodes were documented and compared to known D. dipsaci descriptions.
- Molecular identification was performed by amplifying and sequencing partial ITS and D2-D3 regions of nematode DNA.
Main Results:
- Extracted nematodes exhibited morphological characteristics consistent with Ditylenchus dipsaci.
- Morphometric analysis of female and male nematodes aligned with established D. dipsaci parameters.
- Molecular analysis confirmed the nematode's identity, showing 99-100% sequence identity with D. dipsaci isolates from garlic in GenBank.
Conclusions:
- This study reports the first occurrence of Ditylenchus dipsaci on garlic in Ohio.
- The introduction of new planting material was linked to the observed bloat nematode symptoms.
- Management strategies should focus on utilizing bloat nematode-free planting material to prevent pathogen introduction and mitigate potential yield losses in Ohio.
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