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Related Concept Videos

Structural Joints: Synovial Joints01:16

Structural Joints: Synovial Joints

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Synovial joints are the most common type of joint in the body. A key structural characteristic for a synovial joint is the presence of a joint cavity. This fluid-filled space is where the articulating surfaces of the bones contact each other. Also, unlike fibrous or cartilaginous joints, the articulating bone surfaces at a synovial joint are not directly connected to each other with fibrous connective tissue or cartilage. This gives the bones of a synovial joint the ability to move smoothly...
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Structural Joints: Fibrous Joints01:03

Structural Joints: Fibrous Joints

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Fibrous joints are a type of joint where the bones are connected by fibrous connective tissue. These joints provide stability and minimal to no movement between the articulating bones. There are three types of fibrous joints.
Suture
All the bones of the skull, except for the mandible, are joined to each other by a fibrous joint called a suture. The fibrous connective tissue found at a suture strongly unites the adjacent skull bones and thus helps to protect the brain and form the face. In...
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Structural Joints: Cartilaginous Joints01:17

Structural Joints: Cartilaginous Joints

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As the name indicates, at a cartilaginous joint, the adjacent bones are united by cartilage, a tough but flexible type of connective tissue. Unlike synovial joints, these types of joints lack a joint cavity and involve bones joined together by either hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage.
There are two types of cartilaginous joints:
Synchondrosis
A synchondrosis ("joined by cartilage") is a cartilaginous joint where bones are connected by hyaline cartilage. Synchondrosis may be temporary...
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Joints01:26

Joints

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Joints, also called articulations or articular surfaces, are points at which ligaments or other tissues connect adjacent bones. Joints permit movement and stability, and can be classified based on their structure or function.
Structural joint classifications are based on the material that makes up the joint as well as whether or not the joint contains a space between the bones. Joints are structurally classified as fibrous, cartilaginous, or synovial.
Fibrous Joints Are Immovable
The bones of a...
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Covalently Linked Protein Regulators02:04

Covalently Linked Protein Regulators

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Proteins can undergo many types of post-translational modifications, often in response to changes in their environment. These modifications play an important role in the function and stability of these proteins. Covalently linked molecules include functional groups, such as methyl, acetyl, and phosphate groups, and also small proteins, such as ubiquitin. There are around 200 different types of covalent regulators that have been identified.
These groups modify specific amino acids in a protein....
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Method of Joints01:30

Method of Joints

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The method of joints is a commonly used technique to analyze the forces in structural trusses. The method is based on the principle of equilibrium, which assumes that the truss members are connected by frictionless pins. The forces at each joint can be determined by considering the equilibrium of the forces acting on that joint.
Since plane truss members are in the same plane, each joint is subjected to a coplanar and concurrent force system. To apply the method of joints, the first step is to...
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The Link Between Inflammaging and Degenerative Joint Diseases.

Elena Rezuș1, Anca Cardoneanu2, Alexandra Burlui3

  • 1Department of Rheumatology and Physiotherapy, "Grigore T. Popa'' University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iași, University Street no. 16, 700115 Iași, Romania. elena.rezus@umfiasi.ro.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|February 3, 2019
PubMed
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Inflammaging, a chronic inflammatory state linked to aging, drives age-related diseases like osteoarthritis. Understanding inflammaging mechanisms is key to addressing joint degeneration and improving quality of life.

Keywords:
chondrosenescenceinflammagingosteoarthritis

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology and immunology research.
  • Focus on molecular and cellular mechanisms of aging.

Background:

  • Aging involves systemic and localized changes with a common low-grade proinflammatory status.
  • Inflammaging encompasses processes contributing to age-related diseases like osteoarthritis, frailty, and Alzheimer's.
  • This chronic, asymptomatic state is linked to impaired cellular functions and inflammatory environments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the primary mechanisms driving inflammaging.
  • To elucidate the specific connections between inflammaging and degenerative joint diseases.
  • To highlight the impact of inflammaging on cartilage health and joint function.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on aging, inflammation, and joint diseases.
  • Analysis of molecular pathways involving inflammasomes and autophagy in aging.
  • Examination of the role of chondrocyte senescence and the articular environment.

Main Results:

  • Inflammaging is characterized by a chronic, low-grade inflammatory state.
  • Age-related joint diseases, including osteoarthritis, are closely associated with inflammaging.
  • Cell senescence, inflammatory mediator secretion, and impaired autophagy contribute to cartilage destruction.

Conclusions:

  • Inflammaging is a significant factor in the pathogenesis of degenerative joint diseases.
  • Systemic inflammaging exacerbates local joint inflammation, leading to pain and disability.
  • Targeting inflammaging pathways may offer therapeutic strategies for age-related joint conditions.