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Evolutionary Patterns of Non-Coding RNA in Cardiovascular Biology

Shrey Gandhi1, Frank Ruehle2, Monika Stoll3,4,5

  • 1Institute of Human Genetics, Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany. shreygandhi1990@uni-muenster.de.

Non-Coding RNA
|February 3, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are implicated in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). This review explores evolutionary conservation methods to understand lncRNA functions in CVD pathogenesis.

Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cardiovascular Research

Background:

  • Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are prevalent, complex conditions influenced by genetic and environmental factors.
  • Non-coding RNAs, particularly long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), are increasingly linked to CVD pathogenesis.
  • Functional characterization of lncRNAs in CVD remains a significant challenge due to their rapid evolution and weak sequence conservation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review methodologies for exploring the evolutionary conservation of cardiovascular non-coding RNAs.
  • To elucidate the functional roles of novel non-coding RNA transcripts in cardiovascular diseases.
  • To highlight the importance of interspecies conservation in understanding lncRNA function.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on evolutionary conservation strategies for non-coding RNAs.
  • Analysis of approaches examining sequence conservation.
  • Exploration of methods assessing secondary structure, syntenic, and expression level conservation across species.

Main Results:

  • Traditional sequence conservation analysis is limited for lncRNAs due to their rapid evolution.
  • Novel dimensions of interspecies conservation, including secondary structure, synteny, and expression patterns, offer promising avenues.
  • These multi-dimensional approaches aid in identifying functional homologs and annotating lncRNA roles in CVD.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the evolutionary conservation of lncRNAs is crucial for deciphering their roles in cardiovascular diseases.
  • A multi-faceted approach integrating sequence, structure, synteny, and expression conservation is necessary.
  • Further research into these conservation strategies will advance the functional annotation of lncRNAs in CVD pathogenesis.

Keywords:
cardiovascular diseasecircular RNAevolutionary conservationlncRNAmiRNAnon-coding RNA

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